语法专题It的用法.doc

语法专题：It的用法综观近几年的高考英语试题，的考查以下我们结合历年高考试题，将的常见考点作一归纳分析试题注重情景的设置，需要利用特点语言环境中上下文的联系，正确分析结构，理解句意是做此类题目的关键。命题的热点集中于以下几个方面: 1. it/that/one用法区别2. 作形式主语或形式宾语（主要代替ving,，to do或从句）用于强调句或固定句型（it is/was …when/since/before…）中 考查it 构成的习语，it也常表示抽象的情况,属于虚指. 如:Take it easy（一）作人称代词1) 代替前提到过的东西或事情This is a new dictionary. I bought it yesterday. Although we cannot see it, there is air all around us. Tom joined the army last mouth. Do you know about it? They say he has left town, but I dont believe it. (2) 代替指示代词，起着this或that的作用—Is this your car? — No, it isn’t. —What’s that? — It’s a video —Whose room is this? — It is theirs. (3) 用来指身份不明的人还可指不明性别的婴儿—Who’s there? —It’s me. (It’s John) —Go and see who it is that rings. — It’s Bill. —Someone is knocking at the door, Peter. Who is it? —Its me. —Who are singing? — It is the children. —The light is still on in the lab. — It must be the third-year students doing the experiment. The Greens have a new baby. It’s lovely. The baby cried because it was hungry. (4) it与one的区别：这两个词都可以代表前面说过的名词，但it用于同名同物的场合；one则用于同名异物的场合相当于a/an+单数名词，表泛指概念—Do you still have the bicycle? — No, I have sold it. —Is this knife yours? — No. It is Xiao Zhangs. Mine is the one on the desk. (5) it与that的区别：两词都可代替某一特定名词，但that指同一类，并非同一个相当于the＋单数/不可数名词The climate of South China is mild（温和的）; I like it very much.（it指the climate of South China） The climate of South China is much better than that of Japan.（that指the climate）（二）作无人称代词 it作无人称代词时，除了句中找不到它所代表的词语外，另一个特点是它后面的内容都是表示时间、距离、天气、量度，价值等　　 It’s Sunday today. It is / has been three months since he came here. It is ／has been three years since we saw each other?last.This ／That ／It is ／was ／will be the first ／second ／third time that…该句型意为“这是／那是／这将是某人第某某次干某事了”。 当主句的谓语动词用is时，从句谓语动词用现在完成时；当主句的谓语动词用was时，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时；当主句的谓语动词用will be时，从句的谓语动词用一般现在时（表示将来）。 It is the first time that I have spoken to a foreigner． The couple told us it was the fourth time that they had visited West Lake． It is （hig