高中英语语法复习学案教师版情态动词.doc

高中英语语法复习学案教师版——情态动词 一、语法特征 【题组训练】改正下列句子中的错误 1. Simple measures such as hand washing can to limit the spread of disease. [删去to] 2. Experts have warned that many people may aren’t getting enough Vitamin D. [may aren’t getting 改为may not be 或may not get] 3. The nation musts limit land development. [musts 改为must] 4. With her help, he ought not have any problem. [not 后加to] 5. I wondered how he dared to say that to the teacher. [去掉dared 后的to; 或者把dared 改为didn’t dare] 【总结】 1. 情态动词+ 动词原形 一起构成句子的谓语，不能单独使用 2. 情态动词后直接加not 构成否定式 3. 情态动词没有人称和数的变化 4. 有些情态动词具有特殊性：ought to; have to; dare; need 等 二、用法要点 （一）表示能力 现在或一般的能力 过去的能力 将来的能力 can (更普遍) could will be able to be able to was / were able to 【题组训练】 1. He is a native speaker of English, so he can of course speak English quite well. 2. I am starving to death. I can / am able to eat two bowls of rice now. 3. If you have a good sleep, you will be able to work out this problem tomorrow. 4. She could / was able to sing like an angle when she was a child. 5. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out. 【注意】表示过去某一次的能力，即过去某时刻具有做某事的能力并施展了能力的时候，只能用was / were able to (二) 表示可能性（推测） 【观察】1) Accidents can happen on such rainy tonight. 1. 客观或理论上的可能性：can 用于肯定句中。不涉及具体某事是否会发生，常用于说明人或事物的特征 2. 具体事情事件发生的可能性 （从可能性大到小） 情态动词 肯定式 否定式 疑问式 must 一定；必定；必然 / / should = ought to 理应；很可能 表示确定或期待“按理说应该” 应该不会 / can / 不可能 有可能吗？ could 有可能（微弱的可能） 不可能 比can 语气弱 may 或许；说不定；也许 可能不 / might 比may 语气弱 比may not 语气弱 / 【注意】 1.表示推测时， may; must 常用肯定句，一般不用于否定句和疑问句中(may not 的意思是“可能不”)；can 常用于否定句、疑问句、感叹句中，表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思 (could 也可以用于肯定句中)。 2. should 表示推测，表示的是确定或可能有的未来或期望，即合乎理想的情况或结果 We should arrive before dark. The road should be less crowded today. 3. should; might; could 并不一定与过去时间有关，而表示可能性弱于它们相应的现在时形式 This may / might be done by him. 【题组训练】 1. Helen may go to the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet. 2. There shouldn’t be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving sc