高考复习冠词及阅读.doc

高考复习：冠词及阅读一、冠词的主要用法（一）分类　　the2. 不定冠词　　a \ an, 名词音标为元音（而不是元音字母）开始的词前用an。　　an umbrella\ a university　　an X , an hour 　　区分：　　a second（又一；再一） \ the second（第二个…）　　a most beautiful city （一个非常美丽的城市）　　the most beautiful city（最美丽的城市）　　a number of books（许多书）\the number of books（书的数量）（二）名词表类别：　　Water is useful for human.　　Glass can be recycled from broken bottles.2. 可数名词　　1) a + n. （a book）　　2）the + n. （多为发明的东西，如the computer）3. 名词复数(books)（三）必须用冠词：　　Eg. He is the last one to come and the first one to leave.　　 Her pronunciation is the best in our class.2. 用于指独一无二的自然界现象(the sun, the earth, the sky, the world…)，或表方位，左右等名词之前　　Eg. We all know the earth moves round the sun.　　 Turn to the left and you will find the bookstore.　　 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.　　 Turn to the left/ turn left3. 与某些形容词或分词连用，表一类人或事物　　Eg. the rich, to poor, the young, the old, the sick, the blind, the dead, the living, the oppressed, the wounded, the injured ,the employed , the dying, the Chinese, the English　　一类人 The rich are not always happy.　　The Greens 表一家人4. 在乐器名称前　　Eg. Can you play the piano?　　 My sister is learning the flute.5. 在山脉、河流、海洋、群岛前　　Eg. Is the Mississippi the longest river in the world?　　 China is on the east of the Pacific Ocean.　　 the yellow River/ the Yangtze, the Himalayas6. 由普通名词和另外一些词构成的许多专有名词前　　如：机构组织，历史事件，船名，文献官衔，政党，政府机构，报刊名 称，书名、电影名，气候，种属等　　Eg. the United State s of America　　 the United Nations　　船名 the Titanic　　气候 the weather, the climate, the temperature　　例外：Beijing Airport, Hyde Park, Wang Fu Jing Street 　　　　　QingHua University, NangJing Road 　　　　　Tian An Men Square, BeiHai Park7. 用在逢“十”的复数数词之前，指世纪中的几十年代　　Eg. I was born in the sixties.　　 In the 1890’s, when Marx was already in his fifties, he found it important to study the situation in Russia.8. 用在带the…the固定词组, 表“越…就越…”　　例：the sooner… the better　　　　the more … the merrier9．He is the taller of the two.（两者中比较级前也用the）10. 用在某些习惯表达法：　　介词短语中，指身体或衣服的一部分