MBA联考英语必备语法全突破(之七八).docVIP

2007年MBA联考英语必备语法全突破（之七－八）情态动词、形容词、副词篇七、情态动词 .gPXW=r ? BWd{xP y ? 　　注意情态动词完成式的用法有两方面的含义： Ai 9UB=[R ? hkh b8zS ? 　　1.表示已经发生的情况 7xmyj y%c ? S @EkrC\4n ? 　　(1)must have +过去分词，表示对已发生情况的肯定推测，译为“(昨天)一定……”。如： o9l =Q ? (Oc[j{6q ? 　　My pain must have been apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically: “Are you feeling all right?” IQZBH2R ? j4au Zl]NF ? 　　(2)cant/couldn’t have +过去分词，表示对已发生情况的否定推测，译为“(昨天)一定没……”。 如： @$5GxIwl ? B%v2)+?@ ? 　　Mary couldn’t have received my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now. lWv3c!E` ? @j
%r6 N ? 　　(3)may/might have +过去分词，表示对已发生的事情做不肯定、可能性很小的推测，或事实上根本没发生，译为“也许……”。如： r h*Pl]3z ? qll) ? 　　At Florida Power’s Crystal River plant, a potentially serious leakage of radioactive water may have been unknowingly caused by an electrician. mPNT* pAO ? B2~KkMF ? 　　2.表示虚拟语气 +/60$60[z ? hKw4[wB] ? 　　(1)needn’t have+过去分词，表示做了不必做的事，译为“其实没必要……”。如：  Z(p kj ? =[!,c= ? 　　As it turned out to be a small house party, we needn’t have dressed up so formally. fu3/n@L ? q]
3bGO; ? 　　(2)should /should not have +过去分词，表示应该做某事但实际上未做，或本不应该做但实际上做了, 译为“本(不)应该……”。如： ec/1Z8}p ? |Id0+-V ? ? 　　I regret having left the work unfinished; I should have planned everything ahead carefully. ~G.pyW ? t5 $ 85Y~ ? 　　(3)ought to have+过去分词，表示动作按理该发生了，但实际上未发生，译为“该……”，与should的完成式含义类似。如： P!@b:.$ ? 5 s3!{zT{ ? 　　The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke. r
M/Ona2x ? JGl0 (i*| ? 　　(4)could have+过去分词，表示过去本来可以做但却未做，译为“完全可以……”。如： J{ fTx@?( ? E(]39Bi ? 　　What you said is right, but you could have phrased it more tactfully. LY Y 3*d ? ~jcdnm] ? 　　(5)may/might have + 过去分词，表示过去可以做但实际未做，译为“(那样)也许会……”。如： j{QzD^t ? ~4-:;8a ? 　　It might have been better to include more punchy statistics and photos of equipment in the introduction to further assist first-time office automation managers. |.]sL0; 4Z ? ,u.G6 ? 　　3.几个情态动词常考的句型