语言学教程Chapter 6. Language and Cognition重点.ppt

Chapter six language and cognition In 1950s,Chomsky and the cognitive revolution In 1960s,….. In the 1970s and 1980s, Linguists→ cognitive linguistics Psychologists → psycholinguistics → psychology of language 6.1 what is cognition? Definitions 1)psychologically, it…… 2)it is…… Three approaches to the study of language and cognition: The formal approach The psychological approach The conceptual approach The psychological approach and the conceptual approach to the study of language and cognition will be mainly discussed in this chapter. In other words, psycholinguistics and cognitive linguistics will be focused on in this chapter. The conceptual approach Cognitive linguistics has addressed : 1) 2) 3) 4) Above all, it seeks to ascertain the global integrated system of conceptual structuring in language. 6.2 what is psycholinguistics? Definition General problems under the study of psycholinguistics? Its theoretical bases Linguistically,…… Psychologically,…… Six research subjects within it: specific problems Six research subjects within it 1)acquisition 2)comprehension 3)production 4)disorders 5)language and thought 6)neurocognition We will focus on the former three subjects, say, acquisition, comprehension and production. 6.2.1 language acquisition A central topic in psycholinguistics The difference in the medium of the study of language acquisition, past …… Now…… Stages in the process of language acquisition by children (1)holophrastic stage (2)two-word stage (3)stage of three-word utterances (4)fluent grammatical conversation stage 6.2.2 language comprehension Similarity and frequency both play important roles in processing and comprehending language, with the novel items being processed based on their similarity to the known ones. Comprehension of spoken and written language 1.word retrieval and recognition 2.sentence parsing 3.textual interpretation (1) Word recognition Recognition of spoken words and words in print 1.recognition