7. 时态.doc

一般现在时：一般现在时表示经常、反复发生的动作或存在的状态． 动词在一般现在时中的用法：一般人称的谓语动词用原形.，但单数第三人称做主语时谓语动词词尾发生变化：即.动词词尾加-s；或.-es， 动词遇到单数第三人称时的表示方法 在一般现在时中, 当主语是单数第三人称时, 行为动词的形式是在词尾加 -s 或 –es具体方法如下： 1.一般情况下，直接加 -s eg. works， plays, rains, sees 2.以 sh, ch, s, x 或 o 结尾的词后加 –es eg. washes, teaches, fixes, does, goes 3.以辅音字母加 -y 结尾的，先把 ‘y’ 改成 ‘i’, 再加 -es eg. studies, flies, carries 注意: 动词加 -s 以后的读音. 动词加-s后的读音 1.在[p] [t] [k] [f] 等清辅音后， 发清辅音 /s/ eg. helps , works, likes, hates ,laughs 2.在浊辅音和元音后， 发浊辅音 /z/ eg. drives, cleans, plays 3.在[s] [z] [∫ ] [ ] []后， 发 /iz/ rises, wishes, teaches, urges 4.在[t] [d]后，发 /ts/ /dz/ eg. fits, sets, needs 5. 其他情况下发[z] eg. plans, cries, shows 一般现在时的用法： 1、表示经常、反复发生的动作，现存的习惯或状态。常与often, always, usually, every day, sometimes, never, once a day, seldom等时间状语连用。例如： I am a teacher. We are Chinese. She goes to work every day. He always helps others. 2、表示客观事实或普遍真理。例如： There are seven days in a week. The earth goes round the sun. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. The water boils at 100℃. Actions speaks louder than words. 行动胜于言辞。（谚语） 3、在连词when, before, if, as soon as, until 等引导的表示将来的行为的状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来的动作。例如； If it is fine tomorrow, we’ll have a football match. I’ll ring you up before I leave the office. When I finish my homework, I’ll tell you a story. 4、表示安排或计划好的未来的动作，只限于go, come, leave, start, stay, return, arrive, begin, be 等动词。例如： My train leaves at 6:30 this morning.- How long do you stay here? We start at 8 tomorrow morning for Beijing. 5、表示主语的特征、性格、能力等。 Tom studies very hard. She is always ready to help others. I major in English. 6、一般现在时还可用在戏剧电影的剧本解说，体育比赛的解说以及图片的说明等场合。 Tom carries the ball to the left. 汤姆把球带到左方。 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空； 1．The buses ______ (use) a lot of oil. 2．Each of us ______ (have) strong points and weak points. 3．My daughter ___ (watch) TV every day. 4．Li Wei ________ (have) a daughter. 5．Our family _________ (be) a happy one. 6．Her mother ___________ (teach) English at a middle school. 7．Jack often ___________ (listen) to the ra