2-6-18期内文国教学报.doc-国家教育研究院.doc

以遊戲為「生活課程」教學途徑之研究 李駱遜 國立教育研究院籌備處副研究員 摘要 本著九年一貫新課程以創新課程、培養學生基本能力的宗旨，本研究以最貼近兒童生活的遊戲為國小低年級「生活課程」的教學途徑，讓兒童在輕鬆的氣氛下，提昇學習的動機與興趣，並逐漸培養其相關的知能、態度與習慣。 在研究群與星星國小（化名）低年級的老師合作下，本研究以三年時間研發「生活課程」的遊戲教學活動。這期間除了同時進行定期觀察、紀錄遊戲中的教與學，課後討論教學的得失及兒童的表現，修訂教學活動設計外，還根據觀察、訪談及兒童的圖畫日記、多元評量等資料，分析、歸納「生活課程」遊戲教學的特質，兒童在遊戲活動中所展現的能力與態度，及從教師的省思中得出其對「生活課程」及遊戲的看法。 關鍵詞：遊戲教學，生活課程，兒童的能力 The study of play-oriented activity as a teaching way for “Life Curriculum” Lo-Hsun Lee Associate Research Fellow National Academy for Educational Research Preparatory Office ABSTRACT Based on the objectives of Grade 1-9 Curriculum--to innovate curriculum and foster students’ core competence, this study employs play as a teaching way for “Life Curriculum.” Within a relaxing climate, play does not only motivate children’s learning interest, help children in establishing adequate behavior and attitude, it also is effective in their knowledge and skills learning. In this study, research group have cooperated with the teachers of Hsin-Hsin elementary school in developing play-oriented activities of “Life Curriculum” for three years. Simultaneously, we have observed the actual game playing at school and reflected the pros and cons of the play-oriented activities as well as children’s performance. Through more discussions, the instructional design is revised. Lastly, through observations, interviews with teachers and children, reviewing children’s drawing sheets, as well as using multiple assessments, the characteristics of play-oriented activities in “Life Curriculum” are drawn and children’s competence are analyzed. Teachers’ perceptions to “Life Curriculum” and play are drawn from their reflective thinking. Keywords: children’s competence, Life Curriculum, play-oriented activities 壹、緒論 一、緣起 常和兒童在一起的成人都知道，要親近他們最好的方式就是和他們一起玩遊戲。而經驗也告訴我們，兒童都喜歡玩遊戲，甚至可以說遊戲就是兒童的生活。從遊戲中，他們模仿、想像、體驗、感受、探索、做不同的嘗試，進而有所體會、融會貫通、形成概念，亦是一種由「玩」中學習、思考、建構的方式。當遊戲進入教室，融入課程後，教室就可能變成了舞台、商店、客廳、花園、擂臺或十字路口。在情境持續更換時，教室也不再拘泥於傳統學習的場所，兒童在具有驚奇、啟迪作用的氛圍裡，扮演不同的角色，演