20110802ty精益基础和损失V01讲解.ppt

精益基础和损失 学习目标 讲座提纲 精益生产源于日本的丰田汽车生产系统 …… 丰田面对严峻的市场情况，需要在低产量时实现量产效率，TPS经过60年的发展运用范围愈来愈广 … 如今已被广泛地运用于各行各业之中 什么是精益 精益生产的主要好处 一个优秀的生产运营系统由三个模块组成 讲座提纲 不论在任何系统中，浪费、波动性与不灵活性都会造成损失 精益旨在持续减少以下三种损失 讲座提纲 浪费就是会增加成本但在客户眼中不会增加价值的工作 我们的目标是减少浪费，提高增值工作的比重，进而降低成本 从小偷身上学改善 讲座提纲 讲座提纲 不灵活性会增加多样化成本，因而提高总成本，并限制了产品的多样化 高 讲座提纲 精益工具 On these pages with examples, the best way to give the presentation is to replace the standard photos here with photos taken within the client itself or in similar environments. That way the audience will relate to the material much more easily. Transport differs from motion in that motion is within a process, whereas transport is between processes Some further notes on common causes for over-processing: - Left: If surplus production capacity available machines might be tempted to be used just for not standing idle, e.g. parts stay longer than necessary in the oven having the paint dried or parts are being sanded longer than the customer requirement. Right: Operators are often not satisfied working to standards that are defined far beyond the customer requirements because it means difficult work that is not adding any more value to the product. This leads to frustration. Inventory is a prime cause of inflexibility, as it increases lead times and therefore increases customer response times To avoid rework and scrap, processes need to produce outputs that are 100% right first time To avoid rework and scrap, processes need to produce outputs that are 100% right first time Motion kaizen can be applied at a fine level of detail, e.g. reaching for small parts within an assembly station as well as the optimisation of machine motion in highly automated environments (e.g. motion of machine heads, robots, etc.) Motion differs from transport in that transport is between processes, whereas motion is within a process Often in practice, variability is initially dealt with by adding contingency. However this adds cost and often does very little to protect outputs (particular