名词性从句1.doc

名词性从句名词性从句：在句子中起到一个名词的作用，并充当句子的主语、宾语、表语或同位语的从句。分别称之为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。了解并正确使用关联词是写好名词性从句的关键。 看在从句中有无具体意义； 看在从句中有无充当成分。如有，是充当什么成分 常见的关联词which, how, why, whenever, what, whether who, when, whom, whose, that，whatever, whoever, where, whomever, wherever，whichever，if，however 一、名词性从句的关联词的分类、词义和用法见下表： 类别 词义 在从句中的作用 连接词无任何词义仅起连接作用，不作成分 连接词 是否起连接作用，不作成分 连接代词　 有各自含义 引导从句，并在从句中充当主语、表语、宾语、定语 连接副词 有各自含义引导从句，在从句中作状语 二、从句中that和what的区别 that只起连接作用，what在从句中作成分，常含有疑问意义。表“…的东西/事情/样子/的话/的地方”，在从句中充当主、宾、表that但不能省略。 1. I wonder if this is ______you are looking for. 2. Our school is quite different from _______ it was before. 3. Father made a promise ______ if I passed the examination he would buy me a computer. 4._______ I can’t understand is why he has changed his mind. 5.________the earth is round is known to us all. 6. Is _____ he told us true ? 7. I have no doubt _____ he will come. 8. I have no idea _____ he did that afternoon. 三、who 与 whoever ；what 与 whatever whoever, whatever等引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而who, what等引导的名词性从句都含有疑问意义。 1._________ was said here must be kept secret. 2. _______we need is more time. 3._______ made the long distance call to him is not important. 4._________ breaks the law will be punished. 四、that 引导同位语从句与that 引导定语从句的区别引导同位语从句的that 无实际意义, 不作从句的任何成分, 而引导定语从句的that 从句的某个成分。 He told me the news that our team won the match.同位语从句He told me the news that was very exciting. (定语从句if 与whether 主语从句whether引导主语从句位于句首,if引导主语从句不能位于句首 Whether we will succeed is still a question. It is not known if he will come. 句只能用whether if不能引导表语从句 The problem is hether the film is worth seeing. 3. 宾语从句whether 与if 有时可以换用，但下列情况只能用whether介词后的宾语从句Everything depends on whether it is fine tomorrow. ②whether…or not的宾语从句I don’t know whether or not she’ll like it. ③复合不定式只能用whether Tell us whether to go or stay here. 在have no idea 之后常用wh-引导同位语从句 I have no idea where he has gone. I have no idea when he did it. I have no idea what he did. it作形式主语或形式宾语的高级句型 1