四层双华小学教学楼结构毕业设计计算书doc.doc

摘 要 本次毕业设计是一幢四层小学教学楼的框架结构设计。结构设计的过程就是用梁、板、柱、墙、基础等结构元素来构成建筑物或者构筑物的结构体系，以及各种荷载的最简传递过程。设计成果为：结构施工平面图以及结构计算书。 结构设计方面可分为以下三个步骤： 结构方案布置与选型：根据所给的建筑标准层平面图，以及建筑所在地的抗震设防烈度、场地类别工程、地质条件、建筑层数、工程材料以及基本风压来确定结构的承重方案，根据任务书本次采用的是横向框架承重体系。 手算稿阶段：本次设计的计算部分选取了一榀横向框架进行计算。计算风荷载、竖向荷载、地震荷载来进行内力组合完成梁、板、柱、基础的配筋。在进行构件的弯矩计算时采用弯矩二次分配法，风荷载以及地震荷载作用下的内力分析采用的是D值法，画出相应的内力图。 结施出图阶段：根据设计的结构平面布置图以及计算得出来的一些数据如截面尺寸、恒活载、结构构件自重等，在PKPM中创建建筑模型，编辑相关系数，利用PKPM进行出图，然后按照要求修改图纸。 关键词：结构计算；抗震设计；荷载计算；D值法；弯矩二次配法 ABSTRACT This graduation design is a building four primary school teaching building design framework. Structure design process is with beams, plates, columns, walls, foundation structure elements to form a building or construction of the structure of the system, and all kinds of loads to the most simple transfer process. Design results: structure construction plan and structure calculation. Structural design can be divided into the following three steps:first, structure layout and selection: according to the standards of the building to the floor plan and building where the seismic fortification intensity, site classification engineering, geological conditions, construction layer, engineering materials and basic wind pressure to determine the load-bearing structure of the program, is the crosswise frame load-bearing system according to the task book use. Second, hand release stage: the calculation of the design selected a pin crosswise frame is calculated. Calculation of wind load, vertical load, seismic load to combination of internal forces of beams, plates, columns, foundation reinforcement. When the bending moment calculated by the second moment distribution method. Under the action of wind load and seismic load, the internal force analysis of the D value method, draw the corresponding internal force diagram. Third, giving the phase diagram: according to the design of the structural layout and calculated some data such as the sectional dimension, the dead load and the li