语 法 与 翻 译.doc

第五章 语 法 与 翻 译 一 从 句 翻译部分涉及从句的部分占到总题量的三分之二。主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句，宾语从句，定语从句，状语从句。 主语从句 1. (谁去) makes no difference. It makes no difference (谁去). 2. (他是如何逃脱的) still puzzles us. 3. (谁为这次事故负责) is not yet clear. (二) 同位语从句：news, fact, idea, hope, belief, truth, promise, thought, fear, doubt, possibility, order, suggestion, proposal. 同位语从句与其前面的名词时同等关系，用that引导，that在从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接的作用，但一般不能省略。 1. We are surprised at the fact __________________ (孩子们是自己完成这件事情的。) 2. They expressed the hope _________ ______ (他们会再次去德国参观的。) 3.An idea occurred to him____________ ______ (他可以乘飞机去那儿) 4. I have no idea_______________ __ (他们多快会赶到) 5. The problem, _________________ _ (你为何要放弃这次计划), has not been answered yet. （三）表语从句：常见于be动词之后，有时见于look之后；引导表语从句的连接词还有because和as if/though. 1. One advantage of living in the country is (可以贴近大自然). 2. It looks (好像要下雨了) 3. The reason (why) I came to school late today was ______ _______ (我没有按时起床). （四）宾语从句：通常由that, what, who, whom, whose, which, when, where, why, how, whether, if 等词引导。宾语从句的引导词为that时，可以省略。 1. I doubt (他是否反对这个想法) 2. I know nothing about him (除了他住在隔壁) 3. Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life (是用他们能够借到多少来衡量) , not how much they can earn.（2007-12） 4. He said (他是对的，我们应该接受他的建议) 5. He thought it a pity (他错过了电影) 如果主句的谓语是make, find, feel, believe, think, suppose, consider, see to 等词带有宾语补足语的动词，则通常