高一英语必修4知识点总结.doc

高一英语必修4 各单元知识点归纳Unit1 Women of achievement重点短语梳理1 devote…to (doing) sth.把…奉献给devote oneself to致力于，献身于 be devoted to专心致志于 2 human beings 人类 3 move off 离开，启程，出发 4 lead a…life 过着……的生活5 crowd in 涌上心头，涌入脑海 6 look down on/ upon 蔑视，瞧不起 7 refer to 查阅，参考，谈到 (其中，to为介词) 8 by chance 碰巧，凑巧 9. come across 偶遇，碰见 10. carry on 继续，坚持carry out 实行，执行，完成 11. be dressed in 穿着… dress as 打扮成… 12.fight for 为….而战 fight against 与…战斗 13.put to death判死刑 14. concern oneself with…关注… 注意… 15.intend to do sth./ doing sth. 打算做某事16. in the shade of 在…的树荫下，在…的庇护下 17.gain doctor’s degree 获得博士学位 18. be considered as 被看做…. 19.take turns to do sth 采取步骤做某事 20.do research on… 做…方面的研究 21.mean to do 打算做某事 mean doing 意味着22. by now 直到现在语法剖析（主谓一致）主谓一致，指人称和数方面的一致关系。分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致。(一) 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数。以下为注意事项:1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数。如: Air as well as water is matter.　? 空气和水都是物质。No one except two servants was late for the dinner.? 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数。如: The poet and writer has come.　　 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)A hammer and a saw are useful tools.　 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物)用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如:Serving the people is my great happiness.为人民服务是我最大的幸福.When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数.Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming.? 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳.No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting.? 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席.Each man and (each) woman is asked to help.? 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。5. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如:Each of us has something to say. 我们每个人都有话要说。6. 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数。 但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数. 如:Many a boy likes playing b