必修四U2Grammar(终稿).ppt

v-ing 形式作主语 1.v-ing置于句首。（注意：单个v-ing作主语，谓语动词用单数；两个或两个以上表达不同意义的v-ing作主语，谓语动词常用复数。）如： ⑴Smoking is harmful to our health.吸烟有害健康。 ⑵_________ (run) regularly does good to us .有规律地跑步对我们有好处。 ⑶Watching TV and reading books are really interesting.看电视和读书真有趣。 ⑷Listening, speaking, reading and writing ______(are/is) basic skills of a language.听、说、读、写是一门语言的基本技能。 2. V-ing形式常用于It’s no use (useless) doing，It’s no good doing, There is no doing (不可能，不允许)句型中。如： It’s no use forcing children to learn. 强迫孩子学习是没有用的。 There is no telling what will happen. 未来的事，无法预料。 Eugene’s never willing to alter（改变） any of his opinions. It’s no use ______ with him. A. to argue B. arguing C. argued D. having argued 3.【★】v-ing形式和不定式(to do)都可作主语,但v-ing形式通常表示习惯性、经常性动作或行为；不定式作主语通常表示某次具体动作或意义。例如： 1) Smoking does harm to your health. (smoking表示一种经常性行为) 2) Talking mends no holes .空谈于事无补。 3) To hold a meeting this afternoon is necessary. 今天下午召开会议是必要的 4）To be invited to the party is an honour for me.能被邀请参加这个聚会我很荣幸。 v-ing作宾语 1.有些动词后只接v-ing 形式作宾语，常用的有：finish（完成）；enjoy（喜欢）；mind(介意);miss(想念)；keep(继续)；avoid(避免)；imagine(想像);practise(练习);excuse(原谅);suggest(建议);risk(冒险);appreciate(欣赏)；consider(考虑)；admit(承认)；escape(逃避)；deny(否认)；stand(容忍)等。 ⑴ He finished reading the book yesterday.他昨天把这本书读完了。 ⑵ Would you mind opening the window ?你介意打开窗户吗？ 【练习】I tried to avoid _______ the same mistake. A. to make B. making C. make D. being made 2.英语中以下动词短语常跟v-ing 形式作宾语：be good at (擅长); look forward to（盼望）； stick to (坚持)；devote to (投身于)；be/get used to (习惯于)；pay attention to(注意)；lead to (导致); object to（反对）；feel like(想要); insist on (坚持)；give up(放弃); be fond of(喜欢)；think of /about (想起，考虑); succeed in(成功); can’t help doing(禁不住); dream of/about(梦想)等。 1) We are looking forward to hearing from you .我们盼望收到你的来信。 2) The old man has got used to living in the countryside.这位老人已经习惯住在乡下。 v-ing作宾语 3.有些动词既可以跟v-ing形式，又可以跟to do 形式作宾语，但意义不同。如下： stop to do sth. 停下来做某事 mean to do sth.想要做某事