3影响我国股市投资行为的主要心理偏差-西安培华学院.docVIP

影响我国股市投资者行为的心理偏差 摘 要 股票投资在当今社会可以说是发展最快，流通最普遍的一种理财形式。通过大部分成功或失败的投资案例，可以发现无论是新股民还是老股民都存在一些问题，他们都试图从理性的角度进行信息的收集，信息的分类，信息的分析，最后做出合理的投资决策。但同时过度自信，过度恐慌，对熟悉的事物过度依赖，认知偏差，对投资产生的侥幸心理，赌博心理，羊群心理等非理性的心理偏差又或多或少得阻碍着股民的正确决策和投资，本文将简要分析投资者产生心理偏差的原因，分类阐述心理偏差的表现，分析造成心理偏差的主要原因，以及避免这种心理偏差的方法，着重突出在投资决策中心理因素的重要性，并且提醒广大股民，正确的心理有助于减少投资风险，提高投资收益。 关键词：股票投资；心理偏差；认知偏差；羊群心理 Acts affecting the stock markets psychological deviation Abstract Nowadays, stock investment can be said to be the fastest development the widest phenomenon within the society. Through most of the success or failure of the investment case, we can find there still have some problem of both new and old investors. They are trying to collect information through a rational point of view, and then invested after data analysis and process. At the mean time, the decision which are made by investors have influenced by non-rational psychological bias such as over confidence and panic, fluke mind and herd behavior. This paper is going to describe the behavior of someone who has cognitive bias at the beginning. Secondly, the reasons result to psychological bias and how to avoid these kinds of state, thereby it leads to the verification of speculation that is speculation mentality. Lastly, reminding recommendations which about right psychological helps reduce risk and improve return on investment which will be provided for majority of investors. Keywords: stock investment; psychological bias; cognitive bias; herd behavior 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 1 引 言 1 2 我国股市投资者心理偏差的原因 1 2.1 投资者心理偏差的概念 1 2.2 我国股市投资者的分布特点 2 2.3 分布特点导致我国投资者产生的心理偏差 2 3 影响我国股市投资行为的主要心理偏差 3 3.1 情绪型心理偏差 3 3.1.1 过度自信的心理偏差 3 3.1.2 过度恐慌的心理偏差 3 3.2 认知型心理偏差 4 3.2.1 对典型事件过分估计 4 3.2.2 对热点或熟悉实物过度依赖 4 3.2.3 对信息的过度反应与反应不足 5 3.3 行为型心理偏差 5 3.3.1 暴富心理 5 3.3.2 羊群心理 6 4 对我国股市投资者的投资建议 7 4.1 培养良好的思想意识 7 4.1.1 风险意识 7 4.1.2 竞争意识 7 4.1.3 自主意识 7 4.1.4 认错意识 7 4.2 克服不良心理 8 4.2.1 克服贪婪心理 8 4.2.2 克服从众心理 8 4.2.3 克服恐惧心理 8 4.2.4 克服“孤注一掷”的心理 8 4.3 加强引导教育 9 4.4 完善信息制度体系 9 结 论 10 参考文献 11 致 谢 12