Lecture_名词短语.pptVIP

1.2 常用介词 {1} 表地点（包括动向）的介词。如： About ,above, across, after, along , among, around , at, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, between , beyond ,by, down, from, in, into , near, off, on, over, through, throught, to, towards,, under, up, unpon, with, within , without 等。 {2} 表时间的介词。如： About, after, around , as , at, before , behind , between , by, during, for, from, in, into, of, on, over, past, since, through, throughout, till(until) , to, towards , within 等。 {3} 表除去的介词。如：beside , but, except等。 {4} 表比较的介词。如：As, like, above, over等。 {5} 表反对的介词。如：againt ,with 等。 {6} 表原因、目的的介词。如：for, with, from 等。 {7} 表结果的介词。如：to, with , without 等。 {8} 表手段、方式的介词。如：by, in ,with 等。 {9} 表所属的介词。如：of , with 等。 {10} 表条件的介词。如：on, without , considering 等 {11} 表让步的介词。如：despite, in spite notwithstanding等。 {12} 表关于的介词。如：About, concerning, regarding ,with regard to, as for , as to {13} 表对于的介词。如：to, for over , at , with 等。 {14} 表根据的介词。如：on, according to 等。 {15} 表其他的介词。如：for(赞成)，without（没有）等 She is a woman of strong character. The expert will give us a lecture on China’s economic development. 现在分词 过去分词 一般式 V-ing V-ed 进行式 V-ing being done (后置定语） 完成式 having done having been done 否定形式 Not+ v-ing/having done Not+V-ed/having been done 意义 主动、进行 被动、完成 不及物动词的现在分词作定语表达强调动作正在进行，过去分词强调完成（不能做后置定语）；及物动词的现在分词作定语强调主动，过去分词强调被动。分词作定语，单个的分词作定语一般前置；分词词组，个别分词如given, left等需后置，大多数分词修饰不定代词时需后置。 　We can see the rising sun. 　He is a retired worker.　 　There was a girl sitting there.　 　This is the question given.　　 形容词短语是指由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构成的短语。 两个或多个形容词可以由and, but等并列连词连接构成形容词短语。 A young but clever girl very等程度副词作修饰语,可与形容词构成形容词短语。 A very hot day 介词及其宾语可用在形容词后作修饰语,可与形容词一起构成形容词短语。 The bottle full of water 不定式在形容词后作修饰语,与形容词一起构成形容词短语。 The man sure to come. 不定式作定语 不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后，往往表示未发生的动作。例如： There was nothing to bring home that morning. (动宾) The man to decide this plan is my boss. (主谓) The ability to read is important for children. (同位) 以名词为中心的短语 结构 （“左二右二”原则） 限定词+形容词+ 中心名词 +后置定语 短语 从句 介词短语 形容词短