野牛镍币（BuffaloNickel）.pptVIP

野牛镍币 （Buffalo Nickel） 背景简介 《美国哥特式》与自由女神像,芭比娃娃,野牛镍币和山姆大叔称为美国文化的五大象征。 这里我们主要了解这五大象征之一的：野牛镍币。 1.硬币的产生（中英文介绍） 2.发明者 3.其他介绍 1911年，由美国著名艺术家詹姆斯 厄尔 弗雷泽(James Earl Fraser)开始设计，1913-1938年间成产的一种硬币。 　美国传统硬币上刻画的主要是美国政府的杰出人物，其中大多数是著名的历届总统。 野牛镍币，没有循规蹈矩，而是将在美国为拓居而进行的西进运动中遭破坏几近灭绝的两种形象----美国野牛以及土著印第安人印为纪念。 弗雷泽在创作野牛画像的过程中，由于当时大草原上已不再有四出现散漫步的野牛，只好到纽约中央公园的动物园里素描一只年迈的野牛，两年后，这只野牛以仅100美元出售，然后被宰杀取肉制皮，牛角也被制成了墙饰品。 野牛镍币是当今很多钱币爱好者最想要收集的硬币之一。 1.The Buffalo Nickel was emitted and used during 1913 and 1938.It was designed by James Earle Fraser to commemorate the Buffalo and the Indians--the victims of the Westwood Movement .The Buffalo and the Indians on the nickel were all from earchetype. 水牛镍币 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 上图为硬币的一面，另一面可有三个印第安人头像。 2.The design depicts a realisticportrait of an American Indian on the obverse of the coin along with the word Liberty along the rim. The reverse of the coin features a magnificent buffalo and the words FIVE CENTS on a raised mound on which the buffalo stands. The coin is unique inasmuch as no other regular issue U.S. coin has ever featured an animal (other than the eagle) as a part of its main design. The Buffalo Nickel is made of 75% copper and 25% nickel and the coin is about 21 mm in diameter The first Buffalo Nickels minted in 1913 were originally struck with a design that had the buffalo standing on a mound. These are referred to as Type 1 coins. Due to some production problems with this raised design, the design was changed and all future coins featured the buffalo standing on a flat plain. Coins with this latter design are referred to as Type 2 coins. （水牛镍是由75%的铜和25%的镍而制成，硬币直径约21毫米） Buffalo Nickels continued to be minted annually after 1913 until 1938-with the exception of the years 1922,1932 and 1933.Over 1 billion of these coins were minted during this time at various mint facilities including the Philadelphia ,Denver, and San Francisco mints. The mintmark can be found on the coin under the words FIVE CENTS. In 1938, the Buffalo Ni