兼述国内与国外灾难应变之历史-灾难医学会.ppt

From EMT History to Disaster Medicine Wang, Tzong-Luen, MD, PhD Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital Taiwan Society of Disaster Medicine EMT History CPR: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation CPR: Comprehensive Practice of Resuscitation Fifteen Required Components of the EMS System Manpower Training Communications Transportation Facilities Critical care units Public safety agencies Consumers Fifteen Required Components of the EMS System EMT History 1958: Dr. Peter Safar demonstrates the efficacy of mouth-to-mouth ventilation. EMT History 1960: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is shown to be efficacious. EMT History 1967: Dr. Eugene Nagel trains Miami firefighters as paramedics at the University of Miami School of Medicine. EMT History 1968: The American Telephone and Telegraph Company designates 911 as the universal emergency telephone number. EMT History 1969: The USDOT and NHTSA develop the basic training course for EMTs. EMT History 1969: The Committee on Ambulance Design develops Ambulance Design Criteria, a report to the USDOT and the NHTSA to complement the NASNRCs Medical Requirements for Ambulance Design and Equipment(1968). This document recommends ambulance design standards and emergency equipment. The NHTSA agrees to issue matching federal funds to states that purchase vehicles meeting these standards. EMT History 1970: The National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians (NREMT) is organized to standardize education, examinations, and certification of EMTs on a national level. EMT History 1972: President Nixon directs the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare to develop new ways to organize EMS, which results in $8.5 million in contracts being awarded to develop a model EMS system. EMT History 1972: The University of Cincinnati establishes the first residency program to train new physicians exclusively for the practice of emergency medicine. EMT History 1973: The Star of Life is adopted as the official symbol for EMS. EMT History 1974: Presi