考研新题型翻译综合冲刺训练(适用英语一和英语二).doc

Passage 1 1 Part 1 解题应试 1 Part2 学习积累 3 Step1 词汇速记 3 Part3 全文解析 6 Passage 2 8 Part 1 解题应试 8 Part2 学习积累 9 Step1 词汇速记 9 Part3 全文解析 11 Passage 3 12 Part 1 解题应试 12 Part2 学习积累 14 Step1 词汇速记 14 Part3 全文解析 16 Passage 4 18 Part 1 解题应试 18 Part2 学习积累 20 Step1 词汇速记 20 Part3 全文解析 22 Passage 5 24 Part 1 解题应试 24 Part2 学习积累 25 Step1 词汇速记 25 Part3 全文解析 27 Passage 6 29 Part 1 解题应试 29 Part2 学习积累 31 Step1 词汇速记 31 Part3 全文解析 32 Passage 1 做题日期 开始时间 结束时间 Part 1 解题应试 请在25分钟之内完成以下内容： 将A、B、C、D，四个选项填入1、2、3、4的空白处，使原文通顺且完整； 结合上下文将D选项段落，翻译成中文写在指定答题处。 In the grand scheme of things Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill are normally thought of as good guys. Between them, they came up with the ethical theory known as utilitarianism(功利主义. The goal of this theory is encapsulated(压缩 in Benthams aphorism(格言 that the greatest happiness of the greatest number is the foundation of morals and legislation. 1._____________________________ One of the classic techniques used to measure a persons willingness to behave in a utilitarian way is known as trolleyology(电车实验. The subject of the study is challenged with thought experiments involving a runaway railway trolley（有轨电车 or train carriage（火车车厢. All involve choices, each of which leads to peoples deaths. For example: there are five railway workmen in the path of a runaway carriage. The men will surely be killed unless the subject of the experiment, a bystander in the story, does something. The subject is told he is on a bridge over the tracks. Next to him is a big, heavy stranger. The subject is informed that his own body would be too light to stop the train, but that if he pushes the stranger onto the tracks, the strangers large body will stop the train and save the five lives. That, unfortunately, would kill the stranger. 2._____________________________ To find out, the two researchers gave 208 undergraduates a battery of trolleyological tests and measured, on a four-point scale, how utilitarian