施工测量控制网的建立.doc

Construction survey control network establishment 1.1 the building layout procedures and requirements 1.1.1 buildings lofting program Lofting, also known as the measurement, which is in accordance with the requirements of design and construction, the building location, shape, size and height, in accordance with certain accuracy requirements on ground calibration, in order to carry out the construction. Essence is the drawing building some contour points ( points ) calibration in field, its purpose and general mapping work instead, from drawings to the ground. Usually, the building design train of thought is: first make buildings overall arrangement, to determine the relationship between the position of the building (that is, the relationship between the building axis ), then around the main axis design the auxiliary axis, then according to the detail design of auxiliary axis location, shape, size etc.. Therefore, construction lofting work procedure, should and design when the situation, follow from local to the whole principle, namely the first on the scene set building axis, and then set out in all parts of the building. To take such a layout program, can be exempt from many buildings caused by lofting work disorder, and can keep the lofting element exists between the geometric relationship. For example, lofting industrial building, first staking out plant axis, and then determine the mechanical axis, then according to the mechanical axis, determine mechanical equipment installation position. And as the lofting lofting civil building, first building outline axis, and then determine the axis inside the building, and then according to the building interior each axis to determine the shape of the room, size etc.. 1.1.2 building layout requirements Building the main axis layout requirements, should be based on the nature of the building, it with existing building relationships and building area terrain ( mainly determines the size of projects ) and geology ( main build