无线传感器网络论文无线传感器网络分簇路由协议.doc

无线传感器网络论文：无线传感器网络 分簇路由协议 【中文摘要】无线传感器网络是一门融合了传感器技术、计算机科学技术、通信、信号处理等学科的交叉学科,在一些特殊领域有着其广泛的应用性,近些年来成为一个新兴的研究热点。无线传感器网络由许多能量不能再生的传感器节点组成,这些节点协同地采集和处理数据,并把处理过的数据通过自组织、多跳的通信方式把监测到的信息传输给基站。为了有效的延长其生存周期,就要求它们协同工作时的规则更加简洁有效。分簇路由协议是这些规则中最核心的技术之一,负责把数据分组从源节点引导到节点的关键任务,而分簇拓扑结构是路由的关键,当仁不让的成为众多学者研究的焦点。文中介绍一种基于梯度的分簇拓扑控制算法ETBG(energy-aware topology control protocol based on gradient),并针对新节点加入(节点上线)与节点能量耗尽(节点下线)所引起的网络拓扑变化,给出该算法的维护更新算法。另外由于该算法在选择簇头的策略上只考虑了剩余能量,而没有考虑距离因素,这样就会造成一些节点负担太重,使得耗能过快而死亡,从而影响到整个网络的生存周期。因此本文在节点选择簇头的过程中考虑了能量和距离的均衡因素,并针对ETBG算法致使簇头节点数量过多和过于集中的问题进行了优化——在成簇的过程中,采用同梯度等级的节点选举簇头的策略,并在网络生成簇树的过程中参考了EAHC-G算法的思想,使整个网络的簇头个数更加合理,从而延长了整个网络的生存周期。 【英文摘要】The wireless sensor network (WSN), which is integration of sensor techniques, computer science and technology, signal processing, network communication, is a cross-disciplinary subject. In some special fields, it has become a new hotspot, for its wide application in recent years.Wireless sensor network consists of many sensor nodes, which their energy is non-renewable, they collect and process information collaborative, and send the information to the base station through self-organization, multi-hop communications. In order to prolong its life cycle effectively, it require to design a more concise rule. Wireless sensor network routing protocol is one of the core technology, which sent from the source node to destination node key tasks. It has become the focus research of many scholars.The paper introduces the ETBG (energy-aware topology control protocol based on gradient) algorithm and propose its maintenance and update algorithm in the light of Topology changes caused by new nodes join or nodes death. One important thing which is distance has not been considered in the course of the cluster head choosing, it can make much more energy consumption and lead to shortened the network life cycles, so the paper make a balance between energy and distance in the course of the cluster head choosing. In addition, in order to solve the pro