景区经营权转让论文景区经营权转让后的政府规制研究.doc

景区经营权转让论文：景区经营权转让后的政府规制研究 【中文摘要】起始于二十世纪九十年代中期的景区经营权转让活动,至今已有十多年的时间。至今,已有数百个景区(点)以不同的形式进行了转让,全国几乎所有的省、自治区、直辖市已经进行了景区经营权的转让或鼓励景区进行经营权转让。景区经营权转让一方面得到了实践的认可,并且呈现出蓬勃发展的势头;另外一方面,由于景区经营权政策的不一致,致使政府在对景区经营权进行管理缺乏明确的定位与规制措施,因此,现实中,景区资源的保护只能靠政府的非程序化管理及受让企业的经济伦理进行,而景区的经营管理规范过程中会涉及到景区各方的博弈,其中又以政府的态度和博弈行为显得尤为重要。由此,本文以博弈论为理论出发点,就当前景区存在的问题,进行转让后景区各利益相关方的博弈分析,探究政府规制的作用,并提出提升政府规制水平的对策。最终得出以下结论:(l)景区旅游资源易遭到过度开发的原因表现为景区开发中的以下三方面特征,资源的公共属性、开发活动的外部性及经营者间的博弈。(2)虽然景区规制部门对转让后景区开始采取部分规制措施,但破坏景区资源的现象依然存在。(3)中央政府监管部门与地方监管单位之间存在的这种委托——代理关系的消除,应当从下面几点入手:调整中央对地方的监管方式与力度,提高地方监管部门的不作为和虚报成本,加大中央对地方监管不力现象的惩罚力度。(4)景区经营者违规行为时有发生现象应当归因于:违规行为的先行者能够获得首发优势,伴随采取违规行为的经营者人数增长,合法经营的景区经营权受让者获得的各项利益会不断下滑,最终导致其他经营者都不得不开始采取违规经营行为。(5)针对经营权转让后景区存在的问题,政府提高规制水平可从以下四方面考虑:建立激励机制、健全约束机制、完善监督机制与加强宣传教育。 【英文摘要】Starting in the mid of twentieth century, the scenery area operation right transferring activities has been more than a decade. So far, hunderds of scenery areas (spots) transfer,in different forms of in almost all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities have been carried out or encourage transfer of the Scenery area.On the one hand, transfer of scenery area operation right has been recognized in practice and showing a momentum of robust growth; on the other hand, due to inconsistencies in the policy of transfer of scenery area, causing the government lack of a clear positioning and regulatory measures in operating of the scenery area operation right transferring , and therefore , In reality, the protection of scenic resources can only rely on non-government program management and business ethics of transfereed corporate, and the scenery area management area will be involved in games of the parties, and the Government抯 attitude and Game behavior is very important. Thus, the tissue take game theory as the theoretical starting point to reaserch problems in the current scenery area ,take game analysisof all stakeholders of the transfer and explore the role of government regulation,and propose measures to enha