句子成分分析例句.doc

一．主语：主语(subject) 是一个句子的主题( theme)， 是句子所述说的主体。它的位置一般在一句之首。可用作主语的有单词、短语、从句乃至句子。?A tree has fallen across the road. 2 He told a joke but it fell flat 3 Three is enough. 4 The old are forced to work 5 To find your way can be a problem 6 Smoking is bad for you 7 The disabled are to receive more money 8 From Shatian to Guidong was a two-hour ride? 9 Whenever you are ready will be fine.? 二．谓语?谓语(predicate) 或谓语动词(predicate verb) 的位置一般在主语之后。谓语由简单动词或动词短语（助动词或情态动词＋主要动词）构成。 　　情态动词又被称作情态助动词，有一定的词义，主要用来表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度或看法，表示能力、允许、请求、必要、可能、需要等。初中阶段出现的情态动词有：can / could, ?may/might, ?must, ?shall/should, 思考 英语五大句型 1 主语＋联系动词＋表语” 2 主语＋不及物动词 3 主语＋及物动词＋宾语 4 主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 5 主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语 三 表语 　　表语在句中用来说明主语的身份、性质、特征、状态、职业、内容、数量、（动作）方向或处所等。表语一般位于连系动词之后，二者共同构成谓语。可以担任表语的有：名词、代词、形容词、副词、动词不定式、动名词、数词以及从句（表语从句）等。例如 1 Mr. Black is a worker 2 Those flowers are nice 3 ----Who is it? --- It’s ?me. 4 My job is teaching English 5 My aim is to become a doctor 6 Mike is from England 7 Bill is not here，he is out 8 The telephone number is 3332117 9 That’s why I want to stay here 四 宾语 　　句子中，表示谓语动词动作对象的成分叫宾语，宾语是动作的承受着。英语中，及物动词（或相当于及物动词的短语动词）、介词后须带宾语，少数形容词后也可以带宾语。可以担任宾语的有：名词、代词、数词、动词不定式（短语）、动名词、名词化的形容词以及从句（宾语从句） 1 We couldn’t finish the work without his help 2 Yesterday, Tom’ mother looked after him at home 3 Give me three, please! 4 Ｉlike to play basketbal 5 I enjoy listening to music very much. 6 We must help the poor 7 I want to know what color is her favorite. △几个常见加the后可以名词化的形容词是：poor, rich, young, old，happy, blind, beautiful等。 △宾语从句应特别注意的三要素是：时态、语序、连接词。 △少数能跟宾语的形容词有：happy, glad, nice, sure, certain, surprised, pleased, aware, afraid, proud, sorry, worried, ashamed等。 △直接宾语和间接宾语： He gave me an interesting book.＝He give an interesting book to me. 　　Please bring me some snacks.＝Please bring some snacks to me. 　　Mother told me a story last night.＝Mother told a story to me last night. 　　My uncle often teaches me English songs. 　　＝My uncle often teaches English songs to me. △复合宾语 　　英语中，一些及物动词的宾语须在其后加