Dynamic Models of Segregation Hector Alfaro隔离赫阿尔法罗动态模型.pptVIP

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Dynamic Models of Segregation Hector Alfaro隔离赫阿尔法罗动态模型.ppt

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Dynamic Models of Segregation Thomas C. Shelling Reviewed by Hector Alfaro September 30, 2008 SUMMARY Goal Study segregation that results from discriminatory individual behavior. Results useful for any twofold analysis: Black and white Male and female Students and faculty Thomas Schelling (1971). Dynamic models of segregation. Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 1, 143-186. Motivation Segregation may be organized or unorganized May occur from Religion Language of communication Color Correlations Church ? Neighborhoods Difficult to find integrated neighborhoods. Thomas Schelling (1971). Dynamic models of segregation. Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 1, 143-186. Methods Two experiments Spatial Proximity Model Bounded-Neighborhood Model Thomas Schelling (1971). Dynamic models of segregation. Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 1, 143-186. Spatial Proximity Model Two types of individuals: stars and zeros Dissatisfied individuals denoted by dot over individual. Neighborhood definitions vary, relative to individuals. Thomas Schelling (1971). Dynamic models of segregation. Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 1, 143-186. Spatial Proximity Model Results Equilibrium reached. Random sequences yield 5 groupings with 14 members 7-8 groupings with 9-10 members Order does not matter Thomas Schelling (1971). Dynamic models of segregation. Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 1, 143-186. Spatial Proximity Model Two-dimensional model Order can vary Top left to bottom right Center outward Results Segregation occurs regardless of order Extreme ratios lead to minority forming large clusters, disrupting majority. Increasing neighborhood size ? increases segregation Thomas Schelling (1971). Dynamic models of segregation. Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 1, 143-186. Spatial Proximity Model Integration exhibits phenomena: Requires more complex patterns Minority is rationed Dead space forms its own clusters Thomas Schelling (1971). Dynamic models of segregation. Journal of Mathemati