苯胺的物化性质.doc

苯胺的物化性质 苯胺物化性质 苯分子中的一个氢原子为氨基取代而生成的化合物。分子式C6H5NH2。是最简单的一级芳香胺。无色油状液体。熔点-6.3，沸点184，相对密度1.02173（20/4），加热至370分解。稍溶于水，易溶于乙醇、乙醚等有机溶剂。暴露于空气中或日光下变为棕色。可用水蒸气蒸馏，蒸馏时加入少量锌粉以防氧化。提纯后的苯胺可加入 10-15ppm的NaBH4，以防氧化变质。分子结构：苯环上的C原子以sp2杂化轨道成键，N原子以sp3杂化轨道成键。苯胺呈碱性，与酸易生成盐。其氨基上的氢原子可被烃基或酰基取代，生成二级或三级苯胺及酰基苯胺。当苯胺进行取代反应时，主要生成邻、对位取代产物。苯胺与亚硝酸反应生成重氮盐，由此盐可制成一系列苯的衍生物和偶氮化合物。1. Product Identification 产品识别Synonyms: Aniline oil; Aminobenzene; Phenylamine别名：苯胺油；氨基苯；苯基胺Chemical Formula: C6H5NH2化学式：C6H5NH22. Composition/information on ingredients 组成/成分信息Ingredient CAS No. Percent Hazardous成分 CAS编号 百分含量 危险性Aniline 62-53-3 99 - 100% Yes苯胺 62-53-3 99 - 100% 有3. Hazard identification 危险识别Overview: 概述：DANGER! MAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED, INHALED, OR ABSORBED THROUGH SKIN. CAUSES IRRITATION TO SKIN, EYES, AND RESPIRATORY TRACT. COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID AND VAPOUR. MAY CAUSE METHAElig;MOGLOBINEMIA. AFFECTS BLOOD, CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM, CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, LIVER, AND KIDNEYS. LIMITED EVIDENCE OF A CARCINOGENIC EFFECT. VERY TOXIC TO AQUATIC ORGANISMS. VERY TOXIC TO TERRESTRIAL LIFE.危险！如果吞食、吸入或通过皮肤吸收，是有致命危险的。对皮肤、眼睛和呼吸道有刺激作用。液体和蒸气可燃。可导致高铁血红蛋白败血症。对血液、心血管系统、中枢神经系统、肝脏和肾脏有影响。致癌迹象有限。对水生生物的毒性很大。对陆生生物的毒性很大。Potential Health Effects: 潜在的健康危害：Inhalation: Toxic. Affects ability of blood to carry oxygen. Symptoms of over-exposure may include bluish discolouration of lips and tongue, severe headache, nausea, confusion, dizziness, shock, respiratory paralysis, death.吸入：有毒。影响血液的氧气输送功能。过量吸入后的症状可能包括嘴唇和舌头发青，严重的头疼、恶心、昏愦、头昏眼花、休克、呼吸麻痹和死亡。Ingestion: Lethal dose may be as little as one gram. Symptoms of ingestion parallel those of inhalation exposure.摄食：致命剂量可能小至一克。摄食后的症状与吸入后的症状类似。Skin Contact: May be absorbed through skin. Symptoms of skin absorption parallel those from inhalation exposure. May cause skin irritation. Local contact may cause dermatitis.皮肤接触：可通过皮肤吸收。皮肤接触后的症状与吸入后的症状类似。可引起皮肤刺激。局部接触可导致皮炎。Eye Contact: Vapour is an eye irritant. May cause tearing and blurred vision. Splashes of liquid may cause corneal damage.眼睛接触