初中阅读.ppt

初中阅读 阅读理解能力 1 理解主旨要义 2 理解文中具体信息 3 根据上下文猜测生词的意义 4 做出简单判断的推理 5 理解文章的基本结构 6 理解作者的意图和态度 阅读心理 第一种模式：“自下而上”式。该模式强调语篇本身作用，认为阅读是一系列信息处理过程。由低级的字词解码到最终获取信息的过程。 第二种模式：“自上而下”式。该模式强调读者的背景知识在理解中的作用，认为阅读是一种选择、猜测、预测、检验和证实的过程，是一种心理语言学的猜测游戏。 第三种模式：“交互作用”模式，认为阅读是上述两种模式交互作用过程。 培养良好阅读习惯 1.扩大视距 2.克服声读 3 克服逐字读 猜测词义 Once a month, she takes him to a dog groomer. The dog groomer gives him a bath and cuts his nails. But robot scientist James White disagrees. 通过标题或主题句进行预测 文章的标题或主题句可包括作者的意图和倾向、篇章的总体意义和深层意义，因此通过文章标题或主题句进行预测，以便正确理解。 通过语篇标记进行预测 语篇标记包括关联词、转换词也包括其他关键词。 利用背景知识预测 利用图片进行预测 注释生词中文进行预测 阅读课三个阶段 准备阶段 借助文章的标题、插图、重点词等，通过提问或讨论的方式介绍阅读文章的主题，鼓励学生预测要阅读的内容，明确阅读任务，讲解必要的单词。 阅读课堂教学步骤 准备阶段 Examine the accompanying visual information (diagram, maps, photos) Reflect the title or the topic State what they would like to know about he topic State what they already know about the topic Write down their own questions that they want the text to answer Answer the teacher’s general questions about the text Guess the topic by key words from the text. 阅读阶段 根据阅读文章的内容涉及形式新颖，多样的活动切实培养学生的阅读技巧，提高学生的阅读速度和理解能力。 猜测词义，主题，寻读信息识别指代关系 Skim reading to get the gist of the text Locate the specific information Taking note on the main points Draw a diagram to show the text structure Answering factual questions on the text Putting the events in the correct order T F statements Word out the meaning of words and phrases in the text from the context Giving sections of a text appropriate headings. Giving text an appropriate title Examine referents in the text and state what they refer to. 后续阶段  进一步理解课文内容，明确学习重点巩固和扩展知识 Oral discussion Role play and retell Write a summary of the main content Comment on the content of text Finish the story wore a small black hat very wide trousers a moustache carried a stick…swung in the air had his way of acting, such as walking… and turning…was recognized as his own. What was Charlie like in his films? * * Imagine you are traveling alone to the South Pole, What will you take with you?