钢包回转台连杆水平偏移机理的研究.docVIP

钢包回转台连杆水平偏移机理的研究 摘 要：采用三维非线性接触有限元技术，对钢包回转台连杆出现的明显水平偏移现象进行了研究，发现附加水平推力是产生水平偏移的主要原因，而不是倾翻力矩。通过分析得到的水平偏移的力学机理为：（1）填丝油封沿关节轴的轴向表现出弱接触刚度，在较小的附加水平推力作用下，可产生明显的接触变形；（2）连杆与关节轴结构装配方式导致形成了一个填丝油封接触变形的放大机构，从而引起连杆端部出现可观的水平偏移。根据本文的研究结果，在生产现场采用隔垫调整连杆位置的技术措施，消除了油缸顶升产生的附加水平推力，从而纠正了连杆的明显水平偏移，有效地保证了钢包回转台的生产安全。 关键词：钢包回转台 连杆 水平位移 有限元 接触变形 Study on Horizontal Deformation Mechanism of Connecting Rod Slab of Ladle Turret Chen Zhihua Chen Deliang (BaoSteel Group Shanghai Meishan Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210039, China) Abstract: The large horizontal deformation phenomenon of the connecting rod slab of ladle turret subjected small horizontal push force is investigated by the three-dimensional nonlinear contact finite element technique. The numerical result shows that the small push force can make large horizontal deformation for which the torsional moment can not make. The horizontal deformation mechanism is shown to be made by the two reasons. One is that the oil seal filled with steel wire has small contact rigidity so that can deform obviously subjected small horizontal push force. Another is that the connecting rod slab and joint shaft form an enlarging mechanism. The contact deformation of the oil seal is enlarged by the enlarging mechanism and results in a large horizontal deformation of the rod slab. Based on the results of the present study, the locations of the rod slabs were adjusted by changing the thickness of the mats. The small horizontal push force by the pushing hydraulic cylinder was eliminated and the large horizontal deformation disappeared and the safety of the ladle turret is ensured. Key words：finite element technique contact deformation  1 前言 在图1所示的平行四连杆式钢包回转台的两侧，上、下各两根平行连杆用来联结叉形旋转臂（又称叉臂）和回转筒体。连杆在两侧各自的顶升油缸推动下，作上下平行运动，带动叉臂和座落在叉臂上的钢包平稳升降。连杆通过关节轴与叉臂和回转筒体连杆箱相联结，因此，连杆与关节轴的结构装配方式相当重要。 图2为连杆和关节轴的复杂结构装配方式，其中，连杆通过卡簧与外球面轴承联结，外球面轴承与内球面轴承相接触，而在关节轴上依靠填丝油封轴向定位，内球面轴承套在关节轴上，在轴向通过隔垫与连杆箱体或叉臂的本体相联结。为了防止由于钢包座包不对中所产生的偏扭力偶矩导致连杆卡住，将轴承剖分为内、外球面轴承两个部分。其中，采用弱接触刚度的填丝油封轴向定位外球面轴承，允许外球面轴承和连杆一起作小角度转