英语倒装句之全部倒装.doc

1 倒装句之全部倒装　全部倒装是完全倒装?? 完全倒装是表示地点（方位）的adv或者介词短语在句首引起的。结构为“地点+谓语+主语+其他成分”.常见的结构有：　1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。　 There goes the bell.　 Then came the chairman.　 Here is your letter.　2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。　　Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.　　Ahead sat an old woman.　注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是代词则不能完全倒装。　区别： Here comes the bus.?? ?? ?? ?? Here it comes. ?? ??? Here he comes.　　 Away they went. ???2 倒装句之部分倒装　 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。　1)　句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, 及no-构成的词和词组（not until,in no way, on no account等短语），需要注意隐性否定词seldom,few,little,hardly,scarcely等在句首要部分倒装。　　Never have I seen such a performance.　　Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.　　Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.?? Hardly/Scarcely had he arrived when/before his wife bagan to complaint.当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。　　 I have never seen such a performance.　　 The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep. 【典型例题】 1)　Why cant I smoke here?　　At no time___ in the meeting-roomA. is smoking permitted　　B.　smoking is permittedC. smoking is it permitted　D.　does smoking permit答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。 这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.2） Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.　　A. man did know　 B. man know　 C. didnt man know　 D. did man know　答 案D.　 看到Not until…的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个。　改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。3 以否定词开头作部分倒装　 如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than(注意此处的时态问题: Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than中,Hardly/Scarcely加过去完成时,when后用过去时.No sooner后用过去完成时,than后用过去时)　 Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sen