Chapter4EnglishLiteratureintheSeventeenthCentury.docVIP

Chapter 4 English Literature in the Seventeenth Century 教学目的： 1．了解清教思想对英国文学的影响； 2．掌握革命时期及复辟时期英国文学的总体特征及代表作家与作品。 教学重点： 1．英国革命及“清教运动”，清教主义思想对文学的影响； 2．玄学派诗歌的总体特征，约翰?多恩及诗作《莫为分离悲伤》分析； 3．弥尔顿的诗歌特征，《失乐园》分析； 4．班扬作品的特征，《天路历程》的寓言特点； 5．复辟时期文学的总体特征及约翰?屈尔顿的贡献。 教学难点： 1．奇喻修辞的特点，《莫为分离悲伤》中奇喻的运用； 2．《失乐园》中的圣经典故，作品如何体现时代精神； 3．革命时期的文学与文艺复兴文学的区别。 教学方法：教师讲授、学生报告及课堂讨论相结合 课堂活动： 1．讨论分析革命时期的文学与文艺复兴文学的区别； 2．朗诵、欣赏诗歌《莫为分离悲伤》。 课后作业：分析《失乐园》中撒旦的性格 Lecture Notes: Ⅰ. Social Background The Tudor Dynasty established by Henry II came into power in 1458, and it lost power in 1603. During its reign, the parliament, of which the majority was the bourgeoisie and the king collaborated well. They united to defeat the internal and the external enemies. But when all its internal and external foes had been crushed, conflicts and clashes appeared between the crown and the bourgeoisie. When Charles I ascended the throne in 1625, the contradiction became sharper and sharper with every passing day. In 1628, Charles I dissolved the parliament because it wanted to limit the kings power in taxation. But in 1640, the king was compelled to it again. In 1642, a civil war broke out between Charles I and the parliament. All the classes in England soon split up into two camps. The parliament was supported by the merchants, the workers and the peasants; while the king was supported by the conservative gentry, the big landlords and the monopolists. The kings men were called Cavaliers because they were skillful at riding and shooting, and the soldiers of the parliament were called Roundheads because they wore their hair short. The royalists were defeated by the parliament army led by Oliver Cromwell. In 1649 Charles was sentenced to death, and England was declared to be a commonwealth and Cromwell became the leader of the country. The Revolution Period is also called Puritan Age, because the English Revolution was carried out under a religious cloak. The greater part of the revolutionary bourgeoisie were adherents of the re