Interactive Model.ppt

Interactive Model 1. Background 2. Interactive process 3. Application of the interactive model in class 1.Background The interactive model, also called the schema theory model, came into being when people realized that it was time to bridge the gulf between the two models. ( Bottom-up model and Top-down model ) 2.Interactive process The brain receives visual information and at the same time, interprets the meaning the writer had in mind when he wrote the text. The process does not only involve the printed page but also the readersknowledge in general of the world. During the process, all the factors interact with each other and compensate for each other. 2.Interactive process One’s general knowledge about the world and about the text types are known as schemas(图式), which have been described as the cognitive constructs which allow for the organization of information in our long- term memory.(Widdowson, 1983) Example Mary heard the ice cream coming down the street. She remembered her birthday money and rushed into the room…… After read the sentence, most people would interpret it as follows: Mary is a child- She heard the ice cream mans coming- She wanted to buy the ice cream- It costs money to buy the ice cream- She remembered that the money she got in her birthday party- The money was put away in the room- She got the money to buy the ice cream. Although the text does not mention so much information, we can understand it with our existing knowledge. So we can see how the schema works in reading process. 3. Application of the interactive model in class Pre-reading While-reading post-reading Thank you! * * *