高考英语《名词性从句》九大高考热点分析.doc

名词性从句九大高考热点分析 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。因为它是从句，因此具有句子的结构特点（即有一套主谓成份）；同时又具有名词性特点，所以可以在复合句中作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。名词性从句是中学英语学习的重点，也是高考的主要考点之一。我们必须弄懂和掌握以下热点问题。 一、连接词what与that的用法区别。 引导主、宾、表语从句时，what要充当主语、宾语或表语等句子成分，that不作任何成分，只在语法上起连接的作用。例如 ____ we can’t get seems better than ____ we have. A. What; what B. what; that C. That; that D. That; what 解析：本句包含一个主语从句和一个宾语从句，且两个从句都缺乏宾语，可见两个引导词都必须充当成分，所以答案是A。又如： ____ caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where 解析：该题答案是A，what在主语从句中作主语，即作谓语动词caused的执行者。在下面的例句中，that不充当任何成份，只起语法连接作用（因为句子本身不缺成分）： That the former Iraq president Saddam was captured has been proved. 连接词whether和if的用法区别。 通常，引导主语从句、表语从句和引导同位语从句时，要用连词whether，不用if；习惯上也只能说whether or not，而不说if …or not。例如： ____ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 解析：试题中的从句位于句首，不难知道这是一个主语从句，所以答案是C。但是在宾语从句中表达“是否”既可用if也可用whether。 名词性从句的语序。 与别的从句一样，名词性从句必须用陈述语序。例如: No one can be sure ____ in a million years. A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like what D. what look will man like 解析：由于从句不能倒装，所以答案只能是A。又如： You can’t imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents. A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited 解析：答案是B。同时还须注意，从句的引导词必须始终置于句首，而且how和被修饰的词excited不能分裂开。 形式主语、形式宾语。 当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，常常将从句后置，而用it作为形式主语，置于句首。 动词后接复合宾语，也可用it作形式宾语。例如: ____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It 解析：所需词至于句首，同时后面有that-从句（逻辑主语），可见这里应该用形式主语it,所以答案是D。think, find, consider, believe, feel等动词后常带复合宾语。例如： Many people think it possible that a trade war between EU and the States will happen. Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别。 一般说来，what/who等含特指意义，而whatever/whoever等含泛指意义，意为“无论什么/无论谁”。例如： It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever