lec 4 noun and noun phrase.ppt

Lecture 4 Noun and Noun phrases Noun and Noun Phrase The noun phrase is a phrase with a noun as its head. It is the noun that determines the way the noun phrase is organized. 1.???? Classification of nouns Nouns can be classified according to word formation, lexical meaning （词汇意义）and grammatical form. Simple, compound and derivative nouns （简单名词/复合名词/派生名词） simple nouns Nouns compound nouns derivative nouns a---A simple noun is a noun that contains only one free morpheme.（词素） ????? e.g.? man, boy, rice, snow, water, etc. b---A compound noun is composed of two or more morphemes.(solid,hyphenated,separate) ????? e.g.? forget-me-not (勿忘草), pick-me-up (提神食品), armchair, roommate, heart attack,etc. c---A derivative noun comes from a verb, an adjective or a simple noun with affix. e.g.? arrangement (arrange—V), greatness (great—A), questionnaire (question—N)（调查表） Classification of nouns in terms of lexical meaning proper nouns Nouns individual nouns common collective nouns nouns material nouns abstract nouns Proper and common nouns （专用名词/普通名词 a---A proper noun is a name used for a single person, place or thing, and spelt with a capital initial letter (e.g. United Nations, Anderson, Britain ) b---A common noun is a name common to a class of people, things or abstract ideas. e.g. boy, tiger, water ??. Common nouns can be further classified into individual, collective, material (mass), and abstract nouns. ?? Individual------boy, house, tiger, student, teacher, etc. ?? Collective------team, family, machinery, police, etc. ?? Material--------air, snow, tea,water, etc. ?? Abstract-------- glory, failure , education honesty, etc Countable and uncountable nouns in terms of grammatical form ???????????????