国际贸易实务unit2.ppt

2. Quality 2.1 Definition: The intrinsic quality and outside form or shape of the goods. 2.2 Methods 2.2.1 Sales by actual quality（实物表示商品品质）: Sales by Sample(凭样品买卖)： Sales by Seller’s Sample ( Duplicate samples)； Sales by Buyer’s Sample( Return sample) Case 2 凭我方样品成交，对美国出口高档瓷器一批，合同中规定有“货到目的港60天内复验，索赔有效”条款。货到经对方复验后，并未提出异议。事过一年，对方来电称：“这批瓷器全部釉裂，必须按原价降低60%，否则全部退回。”接电后，经查验我方留存之复样，也发现釉下裂纹。问我方应如何处理？ Case 3 An import and export company in China reached a transaction of exporting sickle(镰刀）to a Thailand imported by “sale by samples”. The contract stipulated that the valid period of re-inspection was within 60 days after the goods arrival at the port of destination. The Thailand importer did not raise any objections to the goods after the re-inspection of the arrival goods at the port of the destination.100 days later, however, the Thailand importer called, saying that: All the sickles were rusted and had to be on sale. Therefore Thailand importer claimed a 40%of the total price as a compensation for their losses. Then the seller immediately reviewed our retained sample, also found the similar problem. Question: should the seller agree on the buyer’s requirements? Why? Case 4 某出口公司凭买方样品成交金属拉手一批，合同规定3-4月份装船，但须买方认可回样后方能装运。2月下旬买方开来信用证也有同样的字句。我方多次试制回样未得到买方认可，故我不能如期装运。到了5月份，买方以延误船期而要求赔偿。问我方该如何处理？ Case 5 A Chinese export company made a transaction of apples with a foreign company. It’s stipulated “second-class apples” in the quality terms on the contract of sales and letter of credit. However, they found the second-class apples had been all sold out when they began to arrange the shipment. As a result, the company switched to the delivery of “first-class apples”, and the invoice stated that:“ the price of the “first-class apples is the same as that of the second-class”. Finally, the importer refused to accept and pay due to the inconsistency with the quality contract terms. Question: What do you think of this case? 机电仪表及大宗初级产品宜于凭规格、等级或标准买卖；工艺品宜于凭样品买卖；有特色的名优产品宜于凭牌号或商标买卖；机