BehavioralTheoryinInterventions干预行为理论.pptVIP

* Behavioral Theory in Interventions干预行为理论 H. Fisher Raymond San Francisco Department of Public Health 阮亨利 旧金山公共卫生局 Behavioral Theory行为理论 Human behaviors are complex 人的行为十分复杂 Individual, group, social, environment all play large roles in determining behavior 个体、群体、社会、环境对一个人的行为决定均有重大影响 Theories help program planners better understand these influences 行为理论有助于计划编制人员更好地了解这些影响 Theories can help “break down” behavior into components that can be acted upon 行为理论有助于将行为“分解”成易于行动的成分 Theories can help guide evaluation of interventions 行为理论有助于指导干预评估 Behavioral Domains行为领域 Risk Appraisal 危险评估 Self-perceptions 自我认知 Relationships and Social Influence 关系和社会影响 Emotion and Arousal 情绪和冲动 Environment and Structural Factors 环境和制度因素 Risk Appraisal危险评估 Stereotypes of who is at risk 典型高危人群 You can tell who is infected by just looking 仅凭视觉就能判断的感染者 Illusion of invulnerability 幻想不会受感染 I don’t think it will happen to me 我认为它不会在自己身上发生 Fatalism 宿命论 We are all going to get infected eventually 所有人最终都会被感染 Problem hierarchy 问题阶层分析 I have a hard enough time paying the rent 我经济困难，付不起房租 Misconceptions of how HIV is spread 对艾滋病病毒传染方式的误解 I’m worried I could get HIV by eating there because I heard all the cooks are gay. 我担心在那里吃饭会感染艾滋病病毒，因为我听说那里的厨师都是同性恋。 Self-perceptions自我认知 Self-efficacy 自我效能 Can I use a condom 我是否可以用安全套 Intentions 意愿 Do I intend to use a condom 我是否想要用安全套 Expected outcomes 预期结果 Will using a condom feel good 用安全套是否会感觉舒适 Ambivalence 矛盾心理 I’m not that at risk 我不会碰到那些危险 Self-standards 自我标准 I see myself as a risk taker so not using condoms fits 我自认为是具有冒险精神之人，无需用安全套 Emotion and Arousal情绪和冲动 Moods 情绪 I feel so depressed, I don’t care about the risk 我感到十分沮丧，不在乎有无危险 Sexual arousal 性冲动 When I’m really turned on the last thing on my mind is to use a condom 如果我很兴奋了，心里惦记的最后一件事就是一定要用安全套 Shame / Guilt 羞耻感/内疚感 I feel bad about disappointing my family so I try not to think about sex, How can I plan for safe sex when I’m trying to not think about sex? 我觉得让我的家庭失望很不好，因此设法不去考虑跟性有关的事。如果我连想都不想，又怎能为安全的性行为做好