NonequilibriumThermodynamicsinMesoscopicOscillation.pptVIP

* * As in literature, we can use the effective SNR, defined as the H in the PS divided by the half-H width, to measure the performance of the SO. Consequently, we find that the SNR shows a clear maximum at an optimal system size, also indicating an optimal noise level, as shown in the figure. Therefore, we demonstrate an interesting effect of internal noise in mesoscopic chemical oscillation systems. * Recently years, growing attention has been paid to the properties of mesoscopic systems, due to the fast development of nano-science technology and life science. For a mesoscopic reaction system, the total number of molecules N or the system size V is small. An important feature of mesoscopic system is that molecular fluctuation is large, i.e., large deviation from the average exists. Generally, the standard deviation of some macroscopic state variable is proportional to 1 divided by square root of the system size. Examples of such meso-l reaction systems include … and … . As just mentioned, a lot of nonlinear dynamic behavior are observed in these systems. Therefore, our basic question is: how the large molecular fluctuations would influence the nonlinear dynamics in these meso- reaction systems. Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics in Mesoscopic Oscillation Systems(介观化学振荡体系的非平衡热力学) 侯中怀 2009年4月 成都 中国科技大学化学物理系 合肥微尺度科学国家实验室 Our Research Interest 非平衡非线性化学动力学 介观化学体系非平衡统计力学 复杂化学体系多尺度理论方法 复杂网络动力学 非平衡 非线性 复杂性 不可逆性佯谬 微观运动 时间可逆 宏观体系 时间箭头 ? Magnetic Domains 300nm Quantum Dots 2~100nm Molecular Motors 2~100nm Solid Clusters 1~10nm Ion channels Subcellular reactions 小体系热力学性质！ 小体系非平衡热力学 非平衡涨落~均值 , 宏观热力学失效 热力学量是随机量, 分布决定性质 不同次实验，W,Q与?U有显著涨落 分布P(W)和P(Q)决定体系性质 Protocol：X(t) Physics Today, 58, 43, July 2005; 实例：拉伸大分子 涨落定理(Fluctuation Theorem) Nonequilibrium Steady States Adv. In Phys. 51, 1529(2002); Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 59, 603(2008); …… Valid beyond linear response Second Law: More likely to deliver heat than absorb P(+)/P(-) grows exponentially with siz