readerresponsetheory.pptVIP

It was first put forward by German philosopher Edmund Husserl in 1930s. The aim of phenomenology is to go “back to the things themselves,” and to “ lay bare the very structures of consciousness itself. The application of such a phenomenological method to literary works gives birth to what we call “phenomenological criticism”. ⅡVarious models of the readers ⅡVarious models of the readers 1 mock reader Proposed by W. Gibson Created by the language as a theoretical construct, it is one who listens to and agrees with the fictitious author, or it is the sole played by the actual reader if he really wants to enjoy the story he is reading. 2 created reader W .C . Booth elaborates the Gibson’s distinction between the real author and the fictitious speaker. Created by the author is that his values and beliefs must coincide with those of the author’s . For the actual reader, this implies that he should agree to play the role of this created reader in order to enjoy the literary work he is reading to the full. 3 the implied reader Proposed by Wolfgang Iser 4 historical reader Provided by H. R. Jauss , Iser’s Constance colleague It is based upon the central notion of the “horizon of expectations,” “the set of cultural ,ethical, and literary expectations of a work’s readers in the historical moment of its appearance. 5 the ideal reader Proposed by J. Culler Someone who has possessed , or rather internalized ,the literary conventions , the mastery of which would enable him to perform literary readings acceptable to other readers, for such conventions constitute the very institution of literature itself. 6 transactive reader Suggested by N. Holland One who “works explicitly from his transaction of the text. ⅢThe Introduction of Some Representatives and Their Main Ideas  Hypothetical Reader 1 Unlike the real historical reader, the hypothetical reader owes its existence to the critic when the latter creates it as the receiver of the potential effect of a particul