ReadingStrategyI.pptVIP

Reading Strategy I Using for word meanings When you read a comprehension text, you will probably find some words you don’t know. Sometimes you take time out to look up a new word in the dictionary, but doing that too many times slows down your reading. In fact, you can often figure out meanings for new words or expressions without using the dictionary. Look at the context of each word or expression – the sentence that the word or expression is in and the sentences that come before and after. It is usually possible to find hints or clues about its definition from the context. 1.1定义 　　定义是指作者在写作过程中对某一名词所做出的解释，用来说明该名词是什么，或是关于什么的。通过这种解释，读者可清楚地了解这一名词的具体意义。例如： 　　1) The science of meteorology is concerned with the study of the structure, state and behavior of the atmosphere. (黑斜体部分是黑体词的定义，下同。)通过定义可知meteorology是一门研究大气结构、状态和属性的科学，即气象学。 　　 2) The word culture has a different meaning for anthropologists ( people who study humankind ).通过定义可知anthropologists是研究人类的人，即人类学家。 　　表示定义的例子很多，在此不一一列举。但有必要将常见的表示定义的词语列举如下，以帮助读者很快地识别各种不同的定义：be, refer to, be referred to as, be spoken of as, mean, denote, be described as, be defined as, be thought of as, be known as, be called (named / termed), be taken to be等。有时括号、破折号等也可用来给出定义。 1.2重述 　　为使某一术语或生词的含义更加清楚，作者常采用一个常用词、词组或简洁的句子来加以重述。这种重述往往可在词的后边找到。例如： 　　1) Holography, or three-dimensional photography, has many industrial applications. (黑体部分为生词或词组，黑斜体部分是对黑体词或词组的重述。下同。)在本例中，three-dimensional photography (三维摄影)比holography (全息照相术)更通俗易懂。 　　2) We will meet you in the foyer, the entrance hall of the theatre.在本例中, foyer意为the entrance hall of the theatre,即(剧场的)门厅。 1.3一般常识 　　在阅读中遇到生词时，我们往往可以根据自己的经验或用以了解某事物的一般常识来猜出其意义。例如： 　　1) Robben is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others. (黑斜体部分是推断黑体词词义的依据。下同。)不征求别人的意见就做出决定的行政人员一定是个独断专行的(autocratic)人。 　　2) Ann was so obtuse that she could not follow the teachers reasoning and asked foolish questions. Ann跟不上老师