UnitTheSubjunctiveMood.pptVIP

* * Unit 4 The Subjunctive Mood 虚拟语气的结构 虚拟语气几种常见特殊结构 练 习 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜想 或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。 虚拟语气是通过句中的谓语动词来表示的。 ? 虚拟语气主要用于以下几种情况： ? 条件虚拟句 这种句子一般由从句（Subordinate Clause)和主句(Main Clause)组成。 主句 条件从句 与现在事实 相反 与过去事实 相反 与将来事实 相反 过去式 (be用were) 过去完成式 were+不定式 should+动词原形 would/ (should/could/might) +动词原形 would/ (should/could/might) +have+过去分词 would/ (should/could/might) +动词原形 1 与现在事实相反 If I were you, I would go with him. (从句 If I were you, 主句 I would go with him.) eg. He would let me know if he knew about it. 2 与过去事实相反 If you had studied harder last term, you could have passed exam. (从句动词用had studied, 主句动词用have passed) eg. If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train. 3 与将来事实相反 If he　were to go　tomorrow, he might tell you. (从句动词用were to, 主句动词用 tell) eg. If it were to be Sunday tomorrow, I would go to see my friends. Should you come tomorrow (=If you should come tomorrow), you could take the books you need. 如果你明天来， 你可以把你需要的书带走。 条件从句中的谓语含有were, had, should 时，可省 略if，将were, had, should提到主语前面，构成倒装。 在表示一种不确定的行为方式或状态，汉 语中常使用“似乎，仿佛”等词语和表示祝愿和 态度等句子中，由它们所引导的从句 用过去式表示与现在事实相反的假设 用过去完成式表示与过去相反的事实 ? as if / as though / if only + S + V-ed / had V-ed +… wish + S + V-ed / had V-ed +… would rather + S + V-ed / had V-ed +… as if / as though / if only + S + V-ed / had V-ed +… 1) Her mother is over fifty, but she looks as if she were only forty. 她妈妈50 多了，可看上去只有40岁。 2) He acted as if he had never lived in England before. 他好像从未在英国呆过似的。 1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question. (wish, 动词过去式 knew) 我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道) 2. He wishes he hadnt lost the chance. 他真希望没有失去机会。(其实已失去) 1. He pretends as if he didnt know the thing at all, but in fact he knows it very well. （用过去式表示与现在事实相反的假设） 他假装好象完全不懂那事，其实他对那事非常了解。 2. The old man looked at the picture, he felt as though he had gone back to time 20 years ago. (用过去完成式表示与过去相反的