初中现在完成时讲解.pptVIP

现在完成时 现在完成时: have/ has +过去分词 1) 表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。 Now we have planted all the trees. He has just come back. 2) 表示过去发生的动作, 但强调结果或对现在的影响。 Have you had your supper? I have read the book twice already. 在以上两种用法中常跟already, not…yet, never, just, before, ever, recently等时间继续下去的状语。 3) 表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在, 也许还会继续下去的动作或状态，常与包括现在在内的一段时间的状语连用。 He has studied English for 6 years. Mary has been busy since she came back from Hangzhou.. 过去分词的构成 1.直接加-ed。如：play-played 2.以字母e结尾的直接加d 。如：name-named 3.以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i加ed。如：carry-carried 4.重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母再加-ed。如：stop-stopped 现在完成时 Present perfect 句型 1.肯定句 现在完成时的肯定句式是“have（has）＋过去分词”。 注意：该句式中的have或has是助动词，has用于第三人称单数，其它人称一律用have。 2.疑问句 　　现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。 （回答用“Yes，．．．have（has）．／“No，．．．haven’t（hasn’t）．” ） 3.否定句：现在完成时的否定句式是“havent（hasnt）＋过去分词”。 Notes: 1) have gone to 与have been to have gone to表示某人已离开了原地，去了另外某地，说话时，人已不在原地。后者表示某人曾 have been to去过某地，说话时人已不在某地了。 He has been to Xi‘an twice. 他曾经去过西安两次。（已经回来了） You can’t find him. He has gone to Xian. 你找不到他。他去西安了。（没回来） 练习题:? 1.Its a long time since we ____ (meet) last, isnt it?????????????? ? 2.--I know you ___________ (choose) a picture book among these. ? --Yes,Have a look at it, please. ????????????? ? 3.So far, spaceships without people ___________ (reach) the moon and some other parts of the universe. ???????????? ? 4.My father____ home for nearly three weeks.A.has gone away from??B.has leftC.has been away from??D.went away ????????????? ? 5.Mr. and Mrs. Green have_____in China for a week. A.been?? B.got?? C.arrived?? D.reached * * I have eaten my lunch. She has eaten her lunch. He has eaten his lunch. 肯定句 They have eaten their lunch. I have not (haven’t) seen the film. She has not (hasn’t) seen the film. 现在完成时的否定形式： have not (haven’t) +过去分词 has not (hasn’t) +过去分词 I haven’t eaten supper. eat-eaten He hasn’t changed his idea. change-changed My mother hasn’t come back home. come-come 否定句 I’ve already had dinner. I _