英语句子概论.ppt

英语句子概论 ★句子成分 ★句子分类 ★简单句基本句型 一. 句子成分 主语： 谓语： 宾语： 宾补： 表语： 动作的发出者或句子所描述得对象。由名，代，数，不定式，动名词，短语或句子充当位于句首。 发出的动作本身。由动词或动词词组充当, 位于主语后。 动作行为的对象,通常位于及物动词和介词后面。 补充宾语的成分,通常位于宾语后。由形容词，名词，介词短语等充当。 说明主语的性质或特征,位于系动词之后。 定语 状语 同位语 插入语 定语： 修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语 找出下列句子中的定语： Guilin is a beautiful city. China is a developing country; America is a developed country. There are thirty women teachers is our school. His rapid progress in English made us surprised. Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom. The teaching plan for next term has been worked out. He is reading an article about how to learn English. Tom is a boy who likes music very much. 总结：形容词；分词；名词；代词；不定式；动名词；介词短语；从句。 状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。通常由副词，介词短语和从句充当． 状语种类如下： 1. How about meeting again at six? 2. Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain. 3. I will go there if it doesn’t rain. 4. Mr Smith lives on the third floor. 5. She put the eggs into the basket with great care. 6. She came in with a dictionary in her hand. 7. In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder. 8. He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.　 9. She works very hard though she is old.　 10. I am taller than he is.　　 5—10：方式；伴随；目的；结果；让步；比较 同位语: 对其前面的名词代词做进一步解释. That is Mr. Chen, our English teacher. 插入语: 对一句话作一些附加的解释. To be honest, I don’t quite agree with you. 分类 说明 例句 简 单 句 由一个主语或并列主 语和一个谓语或并列 谓语构成的句子。即 一套主谓关系。 1. Tom and I found her there. 2. We all breathe, eat and work. 并 列 句 由并列连词 (and, so, but, or等) 把两个或两个以上的 简单句连在一起而构 成的句子。 1. He likes eggs, but he doesn’t like chickens. 2. Work hard or you will fall behind. 复 合 句 由一个主句和一个或 一个以上的从句构成 的句子 1. I believe you are right. 2. If you study harder, you will pass the exam. 二. 句子分类 1. He learns German. 2. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. 3. We sang and danced yesterday evening. 4. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at five in the afternoo