基于51单片机的声控和光控路灯的设计.doc

? 毕 业 论 文 声控和光控路灯的设计 系 别 专 业 年 级 学 号 姓 名 指导教师  摘 要 随着科技的飞速发展，自动化已经运用在了生活中的方方面面，而路灯就是一个很好的例子。如何能够利用51单片机作为中央处理器实现路灯的节能是本设计的主要内容。通过书本知识学习、指导老师的辅导以及资料文献的查阅，确定51单片机为主要芯片，然后因为要实现声光控功能，那就必须使用到光敏电阻和驻极体话筒电阻来实现光和声音转换为电信号，利用单片机最小系统模块、声控模块、光控模块等几大模块为主的硬件来实现本次设计。本设计分别通过利用声控和光控模块的驻极体话筒和光敏电阻将声音信号和光信号通过转换为51单片机能够识别的电信号来实现声光控功能。通过运用所学知识和必要绘图仿真编程软件绘制出系统原理图、整体电路图、程序流程图，完成系统电路设计、光敏传感器模电变换设计、声控整流滤波放大并进行程序编写、仿真、硬件调试等，终于设计实现了利用51单片机使白天由光控电路起作用控制灯不亮，晚上由声控电路起作用控制开关闭合灯亮，并且延时一段时间熄灭。从而达到节能环保的目的，最终达到本次论文的要求。 关键词：51单片机 光控电路 声控电路 光敏电阻 驻极体话筒  Design Of Acoustic And Electric Lamp ABSTRACT With the rapid development of science and technology, automation has been used in every aspect of life, but the street is a good example of. How to realize the energy saving lamp as the central processor is the main content of this design using 51 single-chip microcomputer. Through the book knowledge learning, teachers guidance and literature data access, to determine the 51 microcontroller as the main chip, then because of the need to achieve sound and light control function, it must use the photosensitive resistance and the electret microphone resistance to realize the conversion of light and sound into electrical signals, use the MCU minimum system module, voice module, optical module several modules of hardware to implement the design. The design of sound and light control module respectively through the electret microphone and photosensitive resistance will sound signals and optical signals are converted to electrical signals by 51 single chip computer can recognize to achieve sound and light control function. Through the use of drawing the system principle diagram, the whole circuit diagram, program flow chart of the knowledge and the necessary graphics simulation software, complete the system circuit design, mold design, the photosensitive sensor elect