山东科技大学翻译基础第三章 词语的选择.ppt

29 时尚英语词汇 微博 山寨 异地恋 剩女 熟女 裸婚 百搭 限时抢购 水货 microblog Copycat long-distance relationship 3S lady（single，seventies, stuck）/left girls cougar（Cougar Club） naked wedding all-match flash sale smuggled goods 团购?? 发烧友 骨感美女 卡奴 性感妈妈 亚健康 灵魂伴侣 小白脸 精神出轨 人肉有哪些信誉好的足球投注网站 钻石王老五 group buying Fancier boney beauty card slave yummy mummy sub-health soul mate toy boy soul infidelity flesh search diamond bachelor 学历造假 散伙饭 具有时效性的 录取分数线 经适房 家庭主男 小白脸，吃软饭的 二奶 另类 菜鸟 裸奔 fabricate academic credentials farewell dinner time-efficient admission scores affordable housing house-husband kept man kept woman offbeat rookie streaking 第三章 词语的选择 语言的形式与意义之间的关系可粗略划分成以下三种： F1→M1; F1→Mx; Fx→M1（F代表形式，M代表意义，x＞1） 明辨词义不仅是翻译的起点，而且也是翻译的基础和关键环节。用词错误往往会影响整个句子、乃至整篇文章的意思，正所谓“差之毫厘，谬以千里。” Operate： He took the machine to pieces to try and find out how it operated. 他把机器拆开，想看看机器怎么运转的。 If there’s an electrical failure, it’s possible to operate the lift manually. 如果停电，可以由人力开动电梯。 Changes are being introduced to make the department operate more efficiently. 变革正在进行，以提高部门的工作效率。 Specially equipped troops are operating undercover activities in the hills. 专门部队在山上进行秘密训练。 We have representatives operating in most countries. 我们在许多国家都有代理开展业务。 Exchange rates are currently operating to the advantage of exports. 目前的汇率走势对出口有利。 Destructive forces are clearly operating within the community. 显然社区中有破坏势力在活动。 发展是硬道理。 Development is the absolute / cardinal / primary principle. 假日经济在我国已经呈现出广阔的发展前景。 The holiday economy promises remarkable growth. The holiday economy holds great promise of growth. The holiday economy has remarkable potential for growth. The holiday economy has the prospect of remarkable growth. 英译汉中常用的确定词义的手段 一、根据词语搭配和上下文选择词义 He reached his hand out for the book I offered him. 他伸出手来接我给他的书。 We tried to reach them by cable. 我们试着用电报跟他们联络。 She reached up and picked a pear off a branch. 她抬起手从一根枝上摘下一只梨。 The speakers voice couldnt reach to the back of the auditorium. 礼堂后排听不到演讲人的声音。 The insecticide was put out of the ch