闭式柴油机P型喷油器的设计.doc

摘要 随着柴油机性能和结构等各方面的改进，喷油器已经被很多人所重视，在技术方面也取得了显著的进步。但是它仍然是柴油机的一个比较薄弱的环节，容易损坏，并且使用量很大。 本文参考了有关柴油机和燃油供给系统的许多文献以及喷油器生产厂家多年来在实际生产中积累的实践经验，我从喷油器的自身到燃油供给系统进行了相关分析，对喷油器的结构、工作原理和应用进行了详细说明。利用以上理论对对现行使用的喷油器进行可行性的结构改造，最终使所设计的P型喷油器排放达到欧洲排放标准。 关键词：柴油机、喷油器、针阀、针阀体。 Abstract： Along with the diesel engine performance and the structure transformation, the nozzle is already taken by us, and also made the remarkable progress in the technical space. But it still was the diesel engine weak, easy to damage, and the amount of use is very big. This article has referred to the related the diesel engine, and many literatures of the fuel oil supplies system, and the nozzle manufacturer for many years the experience which has accumulated in the actual production. I have carried on the correlation analysis from the nozzle to the fuel oil supplies system. To the nozzle structure, the principle of work and the application have carried on the define. The discourse primary content is carries on the feasible to the present nozzle transformate, make the P nozzle which designs the let achieved Europe II. Key words: Diesel engine, nozzle, needle, nozzle body 目 录 中文摘要……………………………………………………………………………1 Abstract ……………………………………………………………………………2 1 燃油系统的组成和要求 ………………………………………………………1 1.1 燃油供给系统的分类 ………………………………………………………1 1.2 燃油供给系统的基本性能指标 ……………………………………………1 1.3 燃油供给系统地组成 ……………………………………………………… 1 1.4 燃油供给系统的基本功用及要求……………………………………………1 2 闭式柴油机喷油器的结构和工作原理…………………………………………3 2.1 喷油器的结构分类 …………………………………………………………3 2.2 闭式喷油器的结构 …………………………………………………………3 2.3 喷油器的功用…………………………………………………………………5 2.3.1 喷雾作用…………………………………………………………………5 2.3.2 定时作用 ………………………………………………………………5 2.3.3 压力控制 ………………………………………………………………5 2.3.4 计量作用…………………………………………………………………5 3 喷油器与燃烧室的匹配…………………………………………………………6 3.1 开式燃烧室与喷油器的匹配………………………………………………6 3.2 半分开式燃烧室与喷油器的匹配…………………………………………7 3.2.1 喷油嘴的凸出高度……………………………………………………7 3.2.2 喷油器相对于气缸中心线的偏移……………………………………8 3.2.3喷油器的安装斜角 …………………………………………………8 3.2.4 喷孔的位置……………………………………………………………9 3.2.5 喷孔参数的选配 …^…………………………………………………10