山西师范大学现代文理学院本科毕业论文.doc

石质文物无机保护膜的研究内容摘要 受我国石质文物被自然环境破坏的启发，通过无机保护膜对其进行保护。以二氧化硅和草酸钙为主的保护膜如今已备受关注，制备出的无机保护膜在空气中能稳定的存在，与石质基底形成良好的融合，具有很好的防酸雨和抗腐蚀的能力，而且形成的膜细致紧密，能够更好抵制外来污染物的侵入。 在二氧化硅保护膜的研究中，我们发现以CTAB为模板合成的SiO2保护膜在耐酸性、耐污性和抗腐蚀性上都有了很大的提高，其憎水性也有很大提高；使用溶胶凝胶法在载体上制备的保护膜，有超细的孔径，能够保持良好的渗透性和较高的通透能力；通过纳米自组装法制备出来的多孔二氧化硅虽然有较大的孔径，但是对于有些石质材料却非常合适，这样既能达到良好的透明性和石质文物水分的蒸发，又能起到很好的吸附作用；以CTAC为模板合成的中孔SiO2保护膜，我们可以通过成膜的时间来控制其膜的厚度，这样我们制出的保护膜既不会太厚而使石质文物无法有很好通透能力，又不会太薄容易破损。 在草酸钙保护膜的制备中，我们通过草酸和草酸铵与含钙的岩石发生的简单无机反应来形成保护膜，但形成的薄膜不够紧密，而且防污性和抗酸性都不够好，所以通常还要经过物理化学的反应速度和结晶速率的原理使其防护能力提高，但效果仍不尽人意。 我们对文物古迹的保护还在进一步的研究当中，相信在不断地探索下，在文物保护方面会有更大的突破。 【关键词】石质文物保护无机保护膜二氧化硅膜草酸钙膜 Stone relics of inorganic protective film Abstract Affected by Chinas destruction of stone artifacts have been inspired by the natural environment, through the inorganic protective film to protect them. With silica and calcium oxalate-based protective film now concern were prepared by the inorganic protective film is stable in the air in the presence of, and the integration of stone form a good base, with good anti-acid rain and corrosion-resistant capacity, and the formation of membrane detailed close, be better able to resist the intrusion of external contaminants.  In the silica protective film study, we found that with CTAB as a template synthesis of SiO2 protective film in the acid resistance, tolerance and resistance to corrosion on both greatly improved, and its hydrophobicity is also greatly improved; the use of sol - gel process on the carrier prepared protective film, there are ultra-fine aperture, able to maintain good permeability and high permeability capacity; through self-assembled nano-porous silica prepared out despite the larger aperture, but for some stone material is very suitable, not only can achieve a good transparency and stone relics of water evaporation, but also play a very good adsorption; with CTAC as a template synthesis of mesoporous SiO2 protective film, We can film the time tocontrol the film thickness, so tha