【创新设计】2016-2017学年高中英语 Unit 1 Women of achievemen Period Three Grammar，Speaking Writing讲义 新人教版必修4.doc

Period Three　Grammar，Speaking Writing 英语句子的主语和谓语要一致。常见的有下列几种情况： 一、语法结构的一致 1.由连词and或both...and...连接的两个并列成分作主语，其谓语动词一般用复数。 Both Tom and his brother have passed the exam. 汤姆和他弟弟都通过了考试。 注意：(1)当and连接的两个词或词组表达的是同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数。如果这两个词都是名词，则第二个名词前不用冠词。 (2)主语后有with，together with，like，but，as well as，except，including，rather than，besides等引导的词或短语时，谓语动词要和最前面的主语保持一致。 The peasant and writer is making a speech in the meeting room. 那位农民作家正在会议室里发表演讲。 The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. 老师带着一些学生正在参观工厂。 2.两个并列的名词前有each，every，no，many a等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数。 Each student and each teacher was given a ticket. 每个学生和老师都发了一张票。 Every man and every woman is at work. 所有人都在工作。 Many a desk and many a bench is to be taken out of the hall.许多课桌和凳子将被搬出大厅。 3.在正式的文体中，由not only...but also...，neither...nor，either...or，or等连接两个并列主语时，其谓语动词与其靠近的主语保持一致。there be句式也是如此。 Not only the students but also the teacher hasn’t come. 学生和老师都没来。 Neither the children nor the mother likes this kind of music. 孩子们和妈妈都不喜欢这种音乐。 Either you or I am to blame. 你或我该受责备。 There is a book and two pens on the desk. 书桌上有一本书和两支钢笔。 即时跟踪1　用所给动词的正确形式填空 1.You or I am(be)going to welcome them this afternoon. 2.Neither his wife nor his parents want(want) to go to Taiwan. 3.Each citizen over 18 years old in our country has(have) the right to vote. 4.Every effort was made(make) to search the missing MH370 by many countries. 5.The man as well as his children goes(go) swimming every summer. 6.Not only the students but also the teacher is(be) looking forward to the holiday. 二、意义一致原则 1.表示时间、金钱、距离、体积、重量、面积等的复数名词作主语时，通常将其视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数。 Two miles is too far for the child. 两英里路程对这个小孩来说太远了。 2.集合名词family，class，crowd，team，government，company，group，audience等作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数；如果强调个体，谓语动词用复数。 Our class is better than any other class at playing football in our school. 在我们学校，我们班在踢足球方面比其他任何班都好。(强调整体) His family are waiting for him to come back from abroad. 他的家人正在等他回国。(强调个体) 3.当people，police，cattle等词作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。 The police are s