pragmatics语言学ragmatics语言学pragmatics语言学pragmatics语言学.doc

Nice to see you all back again!!! Chapter One Introduction 1. the origin of pragmatics 1) about the term “pragmatics”语用学 The term Pragmatics was first used by Charles William Morris Foundations of the Theory of Sign( 1938) . Semiotics syntax semantics users 2) the establishment Pragmatics, as a comparatively new and independent discipline of linguistics, appeared in1970s with the publication of Journal of Pragmatics in Hetherlands in1977. Before that time the study of pragmatics was limited in the field of linguistic philosophy. 3) The three stages in the development of pragmatics: the first stage is from the late 1930s to late 1940s ----Pierce, Morris and Carnap considered pragmatics to be a branch of semiology符号学 and all the studies were within the domain of philosophy; The second stage is from the beginning of 1950s to late 1960s ----Austin, Searle and Grice made studied on speech act and implicature theory, and their achievements sustained the basic theory of pragmatics. The studies were still within the domain of philosophy then; The third stage is after 1970s ----the biggest three events happened and pragmatics became an independent discipline. a) In 1977 Mey and Haberland started the Journal of Pragmatics in Holand. b) In 1983 Levinson and Leech published their respective works Pragmatics and Principle of Pragmatics, which set up the theoretic system of pragmatics. c) the set-up of the International Pragmatics Association in 1986 in Belgium. 2. What is Pragmatics Some definitions of Pragmatics: 1) Pragmatics is the study of all those aspects of meaning not captured in a semantic theory. 2) Pragmatics is the study of the relations between language and context that are basic to an account of lang understanding. 3) Pragmatics is the study of linguistic acts and the contexts in which they are performed. 4) Pragmatics is a theory which seeks to characterise how speakers use the sentences of a language to effect successful communic