translation teory and practice 2012translation theory and practice 2012translation theory and practice 2012translation theory and practice 2012.ppt

直译(Literal translation) 指不仅忠实于原文内容,而且忠实于原文形式的翻译方法。 第一： 忠于原文内容 第二： 忠于原文形式 (要求在保持原文内容的前提下，力求使译文与原文在选词用字、句法结构、形象比喻及风格特征等方面尽可能趋同) 第三：通顺的译文 When should we employ 直译法 ? 1) Common civilization Blood is thicker than water. hot line black market pillar industry cold war 冷战 热线 黑市 支柱产业 血浓于水 2)Widely-spread idioms and household words The Senate Foreign Relations Committee today extended the olive branch to the Clinton Government by pleading for cooperation in developing foreign policy. 参议院外交委员会今天向克林顿政府伸出了橄榄枝，请求合作发展外交政策。 In the court action, Alan sprang his trump card by calling a surprise witness. 在法庭诉讼中，阿兰突然打出了他的王牌—— 请出一位意想不到的证人。(杀手锏) 3）When the sentence structure is similar between English Chinese I’ll always remember Thanksgivings as the times we ate good food, sang old-fashioned songs, and shared a lot of love with family and friends. 我将永远记得，感恩节是我们吃美食、唱老歌、与家人朋友分享爱的时刻。 The benefits of 直译法 1. Reflecting the scene and flavor of the foreign country concerned； 2. Absorbing some exotic expressions (loan words, borrowed words) shuttle diplomacy to be armed to teeth bull market white collar Informationsuperhighway dinks chain reaction 纸老虎 穿梭外交 武装到牙齿 牛市 白领 信息高速公路 丁克夫妇 连锁反应 Scarecrow Paper tiger Examples He was in his birthday suit. 误/死/呆译: 他穿上了生日礼服。 意译: 他一丝不挂。 Clinton has a clever tongue. 死/呆译: 克林顿有一个聪明的舌头。 意译: 克林顿能言善辩。 打开窗户说亮话。 死译: to open the window and say bright  words 意译: to put all cards on the table; to show one’s cards（摊牌）;talk turkey 直译字译死译硬译 Liberal/Free Translation 所谓意译，就是只保持原文内容、不保持原文形式的翻译方法或翻译文字。 (P40 冯庆华《英汉互译实用翻译教程》上海外语教育出版社，1997) Free translation changes the original work’s figures of speech, sentence structures or patterns, but not the original meaning. It stresses the TL smoothness. 意译不拘泥原文结构形式与修辞手法 第一： 忠于原文内容 第二： 通顺 第三： 考虑原文句式/修辞 Examples John can be relied on. He eats no fish and plays the game. 约翰为人可靠，他既忠诚又正直。 三口之家/小家庭 a nuclear