大三上学期英美概况britsh economy大三上学期英美概况british economy大三上学期英美概况british economy大三上学期英美概况british economy.ppt

On the Eve of World War I, Britain had the largest colonial empire the world had ever seen. a territory of 33.5 million square kilometers (1/4 of the world’s total land). a population of 393.5 million (8 times as large as that in Britain) Prosperity → Decline Three stages ● before 1880s: the British economy was dominant in the world. ● 1900-1945: first → second ● 1945-present: second → sixth What are the main reasons for the declining? Answer (P69) Rise of the US and Germany War debts Post-war decolonization Substantial military expenses Sticking to the old industries and its system CONTENT An Overview The UK, a leading treading power and financial center, is one of the strongest economies of Western Europe. Over the past two decades, the government has greatly reduced public ownership and contained the growth of social welfare programs. Agriculture is intensive, highly mechanized, and efficient by European standards, producing about 60% food need with less than 2% of the labor force. The UK has large coal, natural gas, and oil resources, but its oil and natural gas reserves are declining and the UK became a net importer of energy in 2005; energy industries now contribute about 4% to GDP. Services, banking, insurance, and business services, account by far for the largest production of GDP while industry continues to decline in importance. To be continued Since emerging from recession in 1992, Britain’s economy enjoyed the longest period of expansion on recording during which time growth outpaced most of western Europe. The globe economic slowdown, tight credit, and falling home prices, however, pushed Britain back into recession in the later half of 2008 and prompted the BROWN government to implement a number of new measures to stimulate the economy and stabilize the financial markets; these include part-nationalizing the banking system, cutting taxed, suspending public sector borrowing rules, and bring forward public spending on capital projects. The