英汉语差异.ppt

英汉语差异 李春江 Language Family English Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family Chinese Sino-Tibetan language family Borrowed Words English Latin: pen, pencil French: sir, feast Greek: comedy Arabic: coffee Persian: bazaar Chinese: tea, chop-suey, chow mein, kowtow, toufu Chinese 逻辑、的士、芭蕾舞、沙龙、休克 词义宽窄 sister cousin marry 事情(thing, matter affair, business) 搭配 take off glasses take off overcoat ride a horse ride on a plane have a cup of tea have a cigarette have dinner 参加革命 参加会议 参加劳动 参加意见 看电视 看黑板 看电影 看地图 碰到困难 碰到生词 碰到风暴 碰到机会 抓紧施肥 grasp manure pay close attention to or attend to the question of manure 取得成就 make achievements (have or attain) 学习知识 learn knowledge (acquire or attain) 把中国建设成为 build China into (turn or transform) 犯个人主义的错误 make mistakes of individualism (mistakes of succumbing to individualism) 我们有过这样的经验 We had the experience that (It was our experience that) 争取运动成绩与精神文明双丰收 For a good harvest both in sports and morals Longman Dictionary: “standards of behavrior, esp. in matters of sex” For better (atheletic) records and sportsmanship. 男孩子到底是男孩子。 Boys will be boys. 啊，你到底来了。 Here you are at last! 我们的事业从胜利走向新的胜利。 Our cause has won victories one after another. We have won one victory after another for our cause. A series of victories have been won for our cause. 汉字在历史上有过不可磨灭的功绩。 Chinese characters have made indelible contributions in history. The system of Chinese characters has played an invaluable role in our history. 宗教不得干预政治。 Religion must not interfere with politics. It is impermissible to interfere with politics in the name of religion. 修饰词 胜利召开 successfully convened 严肃处理、热烈拥护、认真贯彻、彻底粉碎、深入批判 不切实际的幻想、毫无根据的诽谤 进一步简化手续，及时地积极地从国外引进，并且认真组织科学技术人员和广大职工做好消化和推广工作。 We should further simplify procedures and take prompt and vigorous action to import urgently needed technology … earnestly organize scientists, technicians and the mass of workers to assimilate and popularize imported technology. We should (further) simplify procedures and take pr