句子成分.ppt

英语句子的种类 简单句 (simple sentence) 　简单句的 五种基本句型 ??英语五种基本句型列式如下： ????基本句型一：??Ｓ??Ｖ????????? （主＋谓） ????基本句型二：??Ｓ??Ｖ??Ｐ????（主＋系＋表） ????基本句型三：??Ｓ??Ｖ??Ｏ??? （主＋谓＋宾） ????基本句型四：??Ｓ??Ｖ??ｏ??Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）  基本句型五：??Ｓ??Ｖ??Ｏ??Ｃ?? （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 基本句型一 主谓 （S + V） S + V She cooks. He is working. What he said does not matter. The pen writes smoothly. 基本句型一 主谓 基本句型二 主系表 S+V+P He is happy. Every thing looks nice. His face turned red. 基本句型二 主系表 基本句型三 主谓宾 S+V+O We study English everyday. They are playing football. He enjoys reading. She said “Good morning.” 基本句型三 主谓宾 基本句型四 SV（及物）O（多指人）O（多指物） I give him a book. My mother bought me a pen yesterday. I showed him my picture. 基本句型四 基本句型五 S+V（及物）+O (宾语)+C（宾补） We must keep the door open. The news makes me happy. We call him Jim. He told me to wash the plates. I saw a thief going into your room. 基本句型五 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 注意：系动词（Linking verb)用于连接主语和表语，说明主语的状态，性质特征和身份等。 ?4）感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如：This kind of cloth feels very soft. 5）变化系动词表示主语变成什么样，主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.例如：The river was beginning to run dry. ?? 6）终止系动词表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达结果是;证明是 ，之意，例如：The rumor proved false. His plan turned out a success.?? （五）宾语 宾语（Object）表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如： 1.He is doing his homework. 2.The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time. 3.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five. （名词） （代词、动名词） （名词、数词） 4.They helped the old with their housework yesterday. 5.He pretended not to see me. 6.I enjoy listening to popular music. 7.I think（that）he is fit for his office. （名词化形容词，名词） （不定式短语） （动名词短语） （宾语从句） 宾语种类： （1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：Lend me your dictionary, please. To: write, tell, pass, give, send, promise, show, hand, read, tell, bring, throw等，例如： He sent the novel to William yesterday. For: leave, buy, build, choose, cook, draw, find, get, order, post, save等，例如：