AnEvent-basedAnalysisofChineseAdverbsACaseStudy.ppt

An Event-based Analysis of Chinese Adverbs:A Case Study of DOU 國立清華大學語言學研究所 李一芬 Introduction General statement about facts Habituality Combination of general statement and habituality Intensification General Statement 他們都有車 大部分的學生都看過這部電影 狗都有四條腿 Habituality 張太太都上傳統市場買菜 他爸爸都用毛筆寫字 他都關著燈睡覺 Combination of general statement and habituality 他們都搭公車上學 我們的爸爸都用毛筆寫字 他們都關著燈睡覺 Intensification 這本書，（連）張三都買了。 天都亮了，路燈還開著。 他都不喜歡我。 Investigation of the Problems Plurality Requirement Strong NP Requirement Temporal Issues Symmetric Predicates Plurality requirement 這本書張三都看了。 *這本書張三都借了。 張三都用毛筆寫字。 Distributivity 他們有車 ? collective reading 他們都有車 ? distributive reading 他們都很相像 ? symmetric predicate 天都亮了，路燈還開著 ? intensification Strong NP requirement Barwise and Cooper (1981) defined a division of the determiners into ‘weak’ and ‘strong’ by using a simple sentence of the form ‘D N is a N/are Ns. (1) Positive strong: every, most, the N, both, John. (2) Negative strong: neither (3) Weak: some, many, few, no Wu (1999): only a strong NP is dou-quantifiable. Eg. 每個學生都出席了會議 Strong NP requirement Temporal Issues Crain (2004): dou quantifies over individuals, times and events. 禮拜一或者禮拜二瑪莉都要上班 More than one qauntifiable variables in the predicate. [禮拜一或者禮拜二][我們]都要上班 星期二我都在辦公室 Event-based Analysis Davidson (1967): event itself is one of the arguments of the action verb, adverbials are predicates on the event. Eg. 張三在寫字 ?e [write (Zhangsan, e)] Emmon Bach (1989): use the idea of eventualities to cover events, processes and states together. The Plan Logic: ?e [ [A] → [B] ] Where ?e is a binary relation between subsets of e (situations, events, or moments of time) and [A], [B] are subsets of e standing for the denotation of A, B respectively. Dou is an accumulator that expresses the number (or quantity) of persons and things involved and, through this function, can also specify the number (or quantity) of